Solid Waste Exam 1 Lecture 2 Flashcards
What is Solid Waste
Trash , litter, green waste, tires, demolition debris, municipal and industrial
Medical waste
Not allowed into landfills unless it is treated (autoclave) and deemed to be solid waste.
No body fluids and no body parts (obviously)
What does the US EPA enforce and manage?
Title 40 CFR
- Solid waste, transfer stations, landfill operations
What does CalRecycle do?
Title 14 / 27 CCR
Develop new regulations and enforcement and over site of solid waste facilities and LEA’s (law enforcement agencies)
- Basically, they do regulations and enforcement
What is a LEA and what do they enforce?
LEA = Local Enforcement Agency
Title 14 and 27 CCR’s
Local enforcement of title 14 and 27 CCR’s
What does County of Orange Waste and Recycle enforce?
Title 14 and 27 CCR
these titles deal with natural resources and environmental protections at state level
What does South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD) do?
Air quality regulations
Obviously
What do Regional Water Boards do?
Enforcement of sections 27 at solid waste facilities
Groundwater contamination and runoff issues
What is the biggest contributor to US waste?
Mining, oil, and gas production waste ( 75%)
Followed by agriculture (13%), industry (9.5%), municipal (1.5%), and sewage sludge (1%)
Sources of MSW (municipal solid waste)
Residential waste (55 to 65%)
Commercial and institutional locations (35 to 45%)
Composition of MSW
Paper accounts for the most (27%)
Followed by food (14.6%) , yard trimmings ( 13.5%), plastics (12. 8%) , metals (9.1 %), rubber / leather/ textiles ( 9%), wood (6.2%) , glass (4.5%), and other (3.3%)
Probably don’t need to know percentages.
E waste basics
Fastest growing solid waste in North America
3.4 million tons generated in US (2012)
Only 29% recycled
Average life cycle of a computer is 3-4 years. On average, 2-3 obsolete computers at home.
E waste composition
More than half is made up of TVs (55%)
The rest is packaging (17.9%) , commercial electronics (10.10%), household electronics (6.10 %) , monitors (5.90%) , PC’s 4.40%
Export of e - waste and international regulations
50-80% of E waste is collected in US for recycling and is exported to forge in destinations (China, India, Pakistan, or East Africa)
International Basel Convention = bans transferring hazardous waste from developed countries to developing nations . 80-90% of hazardous wastes produced and developed by countries
European Union= Cradle to grave approach / generation to elimination
Orange County Solid Waste Profile
Population of 3 million, disposal of 3.4 million tons.
Per capita disposal : 7.1 pounds per person per day
Landfill system receives an annual average of 3.8 million tons of refuse
Landfill system expected to receive an annual average of 4.5 million tons
Landfill capacity is 50-55 years remaining (OCWR)
How many Transfer stations does Orange County Waste Management System have?
Transfer stations / Material Recovery facilities (MRFs)
6 privately owned and operated MRFS
Processes 75% of county waste
How many Regional Solid Waste Systems does OC have?
3 active municipal solid waste landfills
4 household hazardous waste collection centers (2200 tons annually)
Olinda Alpha landfill
North county
- permitted to accept 8000 tons / day
- closure date 2021/ 2030
- (2012) Gas to energy power plant (37.5 megawatts)
- municipal solid waste only
4th largest landfill in CA
Frank R. Bowerman Landfill
Central County
- permitted to accept 8500 tons / day
- closure date 2022
Prima Deshecha Landfill
South County
- Permitted to accept 4000 tons / day
- closure date 2067
LEA active landfill program
Title 27 minimum standards
Landfill Gas <5% Methane at site perimeter
Adequate spreading and compacting of trash at the Working Face
Daily Cover of 6 inches of compacted soil or ADC (alternate daily cover / tarps/ mulch)
Nuisance control : Vectors , Odors, Noise, Litter and Bird problems
Intermediate Cover and Erosion Problems : prevent water infiltration (dirt, 12 inches of compacted dirt where no additional solid waste will be deposited for at least 180 days)
Active Landfills permits
Permits are required at least every 5 years
Permits are revised when “significant changes” are requested
Permit reviews and revisions usually require a CEQA document
CalRecycle has to review and concur all permit reviews and revisions
Active Landfills Regional Water Quality Control Board concerns
Adequate site drainage to prevent pounding and erosion channels
Prevention of leachate seeps
Protection of water quality by sampling perimeter water monitoring wells
Closed Disposal Site concerns
Landfill gas (LEA and AQMD concern) : <5% of perimeter probes Differential Settlement of Land Leachate Generation (RWQCB - Regional water quality control board)
