Solar System And Beyond Lesson 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A natural or artificial object in space that circles around another object

A

Satellite

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2
Q

The appearance of the shape of the Moon at a particular time

A

Phase

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3
Q

The regular rise and fall of the water level along a shoreline

A

Tide

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4
Q

A blocking of the Sun’s light that happens when Earth passes through the Moon’s shadow

A

Solar eclipse

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5
Q

A situation that occurs when Earth, the Sun, the Moon are in a straight line and Earth’s shadow falls across the Moon

A

Lunar eclipse

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6
Q

One of many small, rocky objects between Mars and Jupiter

A

Asteroid

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7
Q

A chunk of rock from space that travels through Earth’s atmosphere

A

Meteor

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8
Q

A mixture of ice, frozen gases, rock and dust left over from the formation of the solar system

A

Comet

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9
Q

An object in space that produces its own energy, including heat and light

A

Star

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10
Q

A huge cloud of gas and dust in space that is the first stage of star formation

A

Nebula

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11
Q

An object whose gravity is so strong that light cannot escape it

A

Black Hole

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12
Q

The distance light travels in a year

A

Light year

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13
Q

A star that can no longer turn helium into carbon; it cools and shrinks, becoming very small and dense

A

White dwarf

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14
Q

Any of the patterns that are formed by a group of stars in the night sky

A

Constellation

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15
Q

A star that has produced more energy than gravity can hold together and has exploded

A

Supernova

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16
Q

As the Earth revolves around the Sun, the ______ revolves around the Earth

A

Moon

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17
Q

The Moon’s orbit around the Earth takes _______

18
Q

The apparent shapes of the Moons are called ________

19
Q

__________ phase is when you can’t see the moon at all

20
Q

________ phase is almost a full moon

A

Gibbous moon

21
Q

___________ phase is when you see a sliver of the moon

A

Crescent moon

22
Q

_______ phase is when the moon appears smaller

23
Q

________ phase is when the moon appears larger

24
Q

The Moon’s gravitational pull causes the tides and it happens twice a day, the rise and fall of the tides are called a _______ and ________

A

High tide, low tide

25
__________ are small, rocky, or metallic object that orbits the Sun in both inner and outer regions of the Solar System
Meteoroids
26
_________ is a meteor that hits the Earth’s surface
Meteorites
27
The head of a comet is made up of a _______ and nucleus
Coma
28
A __________ is formed when the heat from the Sun’s rays pushes some of the coma away from the comet
Glowing tail
29
Stars have different colors. Colors occur because of the surface ___________ of each star
Temperature
30
Sun’s temperature makes it look ________
Yellow
31
Cooler stars appear _______ or _______
Red, orange
32
Warmer stars appear ______ or ______
White, blue
33
The Sun is about _________ years old
5 billion
34
It takes 8 minutes for ________ to reach Earth
Light
35
Astronomers use __________ to describe the great distance between stars
Light-years
36
Constellations are named after _______, ________, or objects
Animals, fictional characters
37
There are ____ constellations
88
38
Travelers can use the Big Dipper or the Little Dipper to find ______ which tells you which direction is _______
Polaris, north
39
The Sun contains 99% of the Solar System’s total ______
Mass
40
92% of the Sun is made up of _______ gas
Hydrogen
41
________ are the sudden release of energy from the Sun’s atmosphere
Solar flares