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solar system Flashcards

1
Q

If you were to stay on Mercury for one day, how long would that be in earth days?

A

59 days

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2
Q

Why is Mercury so hot during the day then so cold at night?

A

Mercury’s atmosphere is very thin which allows a lot of heat to be absorbed during the day. at night the atmosphere cannot hold the heat so it becomes very cold at night.

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3
Q

What does the surface of Mercury look like?

A

Mercury looks like a bowl because meteors hit Mercury which creates basins and craters.

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4
Q

Why is Mercury’s orbit unusual?

A

It is eliptical

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5
Q

What is the order for mercury in our solar system

A

it is the first planet

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6
Q

Why does Venus shine so brightly in the night sky?

A

Venus has a thick cloud layer that helps reflect the sun so it looks very bright in the night sky.

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7
Q

Name six ways in which Venus and the Earth are alike.

A
  1. Mountains 2. continets 3. valleys 4. oceans 5. plains 6. volcano
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8
Q

If you visited Venus for one week how many Earth days would that be? How many Earth years?

A

seven venus days equal 1701 earth days

seven venus days equal 4 earth days

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9
Q

describe venus’s atmosphere.

A

It is very thick, the air would feel like 3000 ft of water crushing you

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10
Q

what planet rotates the opposite of Venus.

A

Earth

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11
Q

what makes Earth diffrent from every other planet in our solar system?

A

Earth is the only planet which is known to have life

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12
Q

How do clouds protect our planet?

A

Clouds protect humans from extreme heat. The clouds retain heat so the Earth is not extremely cold at night.

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13
Q

What feature of the Earth gives it seasons.

A

The earth is tilted on an axis, rotating at an angle which allows us to experience seasons.

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14
Q

describe Earth’s cololurs.

A

It is mostly blue (three fourths of its surface is covered with water), with brown and green continents and white ice-capped poles.

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15
Q

1 day on Earth is how many days on earth.

A

23 hours 56 min

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16
Q

Why does the same side of the moon always face the Earth.

A

because the moon revoles and rotates at the same rate

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17
Q

What caused all of the craters on the moon.

A

meteors

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18
Q

List three facts about the moon’s gravity.

A
  1. too weak to hold an atmosphere 2. strong enough to cause ocean tides 3. 1/6 of the Earth’s gravity
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19
Q

Why does the moon get so hot during the day and so cold at night

A

The moon is close to the sun but at night there is no clouds to trap the height.

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20
Q

The moon has no what.

A

Food, Air, and Water

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21
Q

Why is Mars often called the Red Planet?

A

Becuase of the amount or iron in the soil gives mars that reddish colour.

22
Q

What observation led earlier astronomers to believe Mars might support life.

A

Swirls and Dark Patches were thought to be clouds and seas.

23
Q

How do we know so much about the surface of Mars when no man has ever set foot on the planet ?

A

Space probes have collected informaiton and have taken pictures.

24
Q

What is the gigantic canyon called and how far does it stretch.

A

Valles Marineris and it stretches 4000 km

25
Q

1 day on Mars in how many earth days

A

24 hours 40 min

26
Q

Jupiter has 16 satellites. name the 4 largest ones discovered by Galileo.

A
  1. Lo 2. Europa 3. Ganymede 4. Callisto
27
Q

Jupiter is composed of gases that become liquids when.

A

1/4 of the way to the core

28
Q

Jupiter has large white spots and the great red storm what are these dark spots called.

A

storms

29
Q

there is no what on the planet

A

solid surface

30
Q

why does jupiter appeared to be flattened around the center and longer at the poles

A

becuase Jupiter rotates very quickly

31
Q

How much of the solar system can fit into Jupiter.

A

2/3

32
Q

Name the largest Moon (satellite) of saturn

A

Titan

33
Q

What is unusual about the wind system of Saturn

A

It has 2 wind systems opperating in opposite direction. one system blows East to West and the other blows West to East

34
Q

What year did Galileo discover the rings of Saturn

A

1610

35
Q

Why is there no solid surface on the planet Saturn

A

Becuase of SAturn’s quick rotation

36
Q

What are Saturn’s rings made up of

A

Rock and ice particles

37
Q

Which astronomers discovered the five larger moons of Uranus and which year was each of the moons discovered.

A

Miranda - Gerard Kuiper - 1948
Ariel and Umber - William Lassel - 1851
Titan and Oberon - William herschel - 1787

38
Q

Why weren’t the ten smaller satellites discovered until a space probe passed close to Uranus

A

Becuase the ten smaller satellites are dark in colour and don’t reflect as much sunlight as the larger ones.

39
Q

When and who discovered Uranus

A

Sir William Herschel - 1781

40
Q

What did the Voyager 2 find on Uranus and when

A

Uranus has 11 rings ten narrow ones and one large. it was discovered in 1986

41
Q

What is the great dark spot on Neptune

A

they are belived to be storms

42
Q

Who discovered Triton and Nereid and in what year

A

Triton - William Lassel - 1846

Nereid - Gerard Kuiper - 1949

43
Q

What makes Neptune look blue

A

Methane gas

44
Q

What makes Triton the most unusual satellite in the solar system

A

Triton’s has a retrograde (backwards) orbit around Neptune

45
Q

What year did people find the six smaller satellites

A

1989

46
Q

Why haven’t scientists learned as much about pluto as they know about other planets

A

Because people still dont know if pluto is considered a planet and pluto is the farthest away from Earth.

47
Q

What is unusual about Pluto’s orbit

A

it is nearly the same size as the planet it orbits

48
Q

Describe the surface of pluto

A

it is covered in Nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane frozen into and unusual show that feels like a soft pudding

49
Q

When pluto is closet to the sun it travels inside what planet

A

Neptune

50
Q

What is pluto’s one moon called

A

Charon

solar system (1 decks)

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