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Astronomy > Solar System > Flashcards

Solar System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largets planet in the solar system?

A

Jupiter

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2
Q

True or False. Jupiter’s rings are made out of dust rather than ice

A

True

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3
Q

What is the largest moon in yhe solar system?

A

Ganymede

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4
Q

This is a moon with the most volcanically active body in the solar system.

A

Io

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5
Q

The few small crates within this moon indicate a small degree of current surface activity

A

Callisto

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6
Q

This is Jupiter’s moon which is suspected to have liquid water ocean beneath its ocean crust, that might have the ingredients for life

A

Europa

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7
Q

True or False. Jupiter has the largest ocean in the solar system.

A

True.
This is an ocean made out of hydrogen. The high temperature and pressure in Juliter, compresses hydrogen gas into liquid.

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8
Q

Why is their dark belts and bright zones in Jupiter?

A

Jupiter’s fast rotation, creates jet streams which separates clouds into dark belta and bright zones

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9
Q

What are the Galilean Satellites?

A

Io, Ganymede, Callisto, Europa

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10
Q

The second largest planet in the solar system

A

Saturn

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11
Q

This is the farthest planet discovered through unaided human eye.

A

Saturn

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12
Q

True or False. Saturns rings arw made out of broken comets, asteroids, etc.

A

True. Comets and asteroids broke apart before they can reach the planet.

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13
Q

What is Saturn’s rings made out of?

A

They are made up of billions of small chunks of ice and rock coated with other materials like, dust.

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14
Q

True or False. Saturn’s rings is static

A

False. Saturn’s rings orbits the planet at difderent speed.

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15
Q

True or False. Saturn’can float in water.

A

True. Saturn is the only planet with a density that is less than water.

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16
Q

True or False. Saturn’s Aurora Borealis is due to the solar winds ejected by the sun.

A

False. Saturn has a ‘non-solar-originating’ aurorae, caused by a combination of particles ejected from Saturn’s moons and magnetic fields.

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17
Q

This is the 3rd largest planet in the solar system.

A

Uranus

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18
Q

What is the first planet to be found with the aid of a telescope?

A

Uranus

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19
Q

Who was thw astronomer that mistook Uranus for a comet?

A

William Herschel in 1781

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20
Q

Why is Uranus called a ‘topsy-turvy planet’?

A

Because it has a 98⁰ tilt that is nearly at thw right angle

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21
Q

True or False. Uranus rotates feom east to west.

A

True. Uranus like Venus rotates in a retrograde motion.

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22
Q

Who is Uranus moons named after?

A

William Shakeapeare and Alexander Pope

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23
Q

What is Uranus moons made out of?

A

Uranus moons are most likely captured asteroids, made out of half water ice and half rock.

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24
Q

What are the two ice giants in the solar system?

A

Neptune and Uranus

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25
Q

True or False. Uranus is only made out of water.

A

False. 80% or more of Uranus mass is made out of hot dense fluid of ‘icy’ material - water, methane, and ammonia.

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26
Q

Where does Uranus gets its color?

A

Uranus gets its blue-green color from methane gas in the atmosphere.

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27
Q

Hoe does methane gas makes Uranus and Neptunes color blue?

A

They become blue because Methane gas abaorbs the red portion of thw light of the sun.

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28
Q

True or False. Uranus Auroras are inline with its poles

A

False. Due to Uranus lopsided magenetic field, its auroras arw not inline with its poles

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29
Q

True or false. Urabus magnetic field creates a corkscrew shape.

A

True. Due to Uranus rotation the magnetic field lines are twisted into a corkscrew shape.

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30
Q

This is the most distant planet.

A

Neptune

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31
Q

What is the only planet not visible to the naked eye?

A

Neptune

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32
Q

When did Neptune completed its first orbit around the sun, since its discovery at 1846?

A

In 2011, Neptune completed ita 165 years orbit.

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33
Q

What was the first planet located through a mathematical equation?

A

Neptune

34
Q

True or False. Due to its distance from the sun, Neptune does not experience seasons.

A

False. Because Neptune has a 28⁰ tilt, it experiences seasons. But due to its long revolution, each seasons lasts for over 40 years.

35
Q

What is the largest moon in Neptune?

A

Triton

36
Q

True or False. Triton - the same as our moon - comes from the diaplaced rocks of Earth’ interior which clumped together to form a moon.

A

False. Due to Neptune’s, retrograde motion, it was suspected that it might be an independent object captured by Neptune.

37
Q

True or False. Neptune has a super hot water clouds.

A

False. There might be an ocean of super hot water UNDER Neptunes cold clouds but incredibly high pressure keeps it locked away.

38
Q

The planet called as the windiest world.

A

Neptune

39
Q

True or False. Anything that revolves the sun and has a moon can be called a planet.

A

False. According to IAU, a planet can only be called a planet if;
1. They orbit a star
2. Big enough to jave enough gravity to force it into a spherical shape.
3. Big enough that its gravity can clear away any object of similar size near its orbit around the sun.

40
Q

Where did the first heliocenter model came from?

A

Aristarchus of Samos

41
Q

How many moons are their in Pluto, and what are they called?

A

(5) Charon, Nix, Kerberos, Hydra, Styx

42
Q

True or False. Pluto and its moon Charon are called, ‘double planet’

A

True. Because Charon orbits the planet for 153 hrs - the same as Pluto’s rotation - it neither rise nor sets. Instead it hovers on the same spot, called Tidal locking

43
Q

Wherw is Pluto located?

A

In a grouo of objects that orbit in a disc-like zine beyond Neptune, called Kuiper Belt

44
Q

True or False. Pluto has an atmosphere

A

True. When Pluto is close to the sun, uts surface ices changes from solid to gas, and rises to temporarily foem a thin atmosphere.

45
Q

What is the name of the largest object located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter?

A

Ceres

46
Q

True or False. Ceres is an ‘embryonic planet’

A

True. Jupiter’s strong gravity prevents Ceres feom becoming a fully formed planet.

47
Q

What do you call a planet that has started to form but due to circumstance, did not quite finish forming?

A

An embryonic planet

48
Q

What do you call the donut-shaped region of icy bodues beyond the orbit of Neptune?

A

Kuiper Belt

49
Q

What is another name for Kuiper Belt?

A

Transneptunian or Plutoids

50
Q

This is the second brightest object (next to Pluto) in the Luiper belt as seen from Earth.

A

Makemake

51
Q

They were the reason why IAU revisites the definitaion of planets

A

Makemake and Eris

52
Q

The dwarf planey with a designated name 2003 EL61, nicknamed Santa

A

Haumea

53
Q

True or False. Haumea is shaped is spherical the same as any of the dwarf planet

A

False. Haumea is one of the fastest rotating object in the solar system, due to this fast rotation its shape distorted to look like a football.

54
Q

Why is Haumea spins fast?

A

It is possible that a large object impacted Haumea billions of years ago and set off its spin and created its moon.

55
Q

This is the firat Kuiper object to have rings

A

Hamea

56
Q

This is a dwarf planet designated as 2003 VB313, and nicknamed Xena

A

Eris

57
Q

True or False. Eris atmosphere is thick and always present.

A

False. Haumea’s atmosphere collapsea and freezes, then falls in its surface as snow everytime it is far from the sun. And then thaws as it gets close

58
Q

moons are also known as…

A

natural satellites

59
Q

How are the moons formed?

A
  1. Formed from the discs of gas and dust circulating arpund plantes in the early solar system
  2. ‘captured’ objects that was formed elsewhere
60
Q

The brightest and largest object in Earth’s night sky

A

Moon

61
Q

True or False. Moon makes Earth a more livable place.

A

True. Moon moderates the wobble on Earth’s axis, which leads to a more stable climate

62
Q

True or False. Moon will always be steady and orbiting planet earth

A

False. Moon is slowly moving away from earth, taking 1 inch every year

63
Q

What do you call it, when moon rotates at the same rate it revolves around the Earth?

A

Synchronous Rotation, meaning the same hemisphere faces earth at all times

64
Q

What do we call the moon hemispherw that is never seen on earth?

A

Dark side

65
Q

What is another name for asteroids?

A

minor planets

66
Q

They are rocky remnants left over from the early formation of our solar system

A

Asteroid

67
Q

What are the 3 broad composition of Asteroids?

A

C, S, M type

68
Q

This are the most coomon composition of an asteroid. Most likely made out of clay and silicate.

A

Chrondite (C-type)

69
Q

Composition of an asteroid tjat is made uo of mostly silicate material and iron

A

Stony (S-type)

70
Q

True or False. All asteroids are composed od the same materials

A

False. Asteroid’s composituonal difference is related to how far they are feom thw aun when thwy formed.

71
Q

What are the 3 classification of asteroids

A
  1. Main asteroid belt
  2. Trojans
  3. New- Earth Asteroids
72
Q

What do you call the asteroids that actually cross earths orbital path?

A

Earth-crossers

73
Q

These objcts have orbits that pass close by that of earths

A

Near-Earth asteroids

74
Q

Comets was also called

A

dirty snowballs

75
Q

This are leftovers from the dawn of our solar system and consists mostly of ice coated with dark organicmaterial

A

Comet

76
Q

What are the parts of comet?

A

Nucleus, coma, and tail

77
Q

They are also called space rocks

A

Meteoroids

78
Q

They are also called shooting stars

A

Meteors

79
Q

Tbis is wjat you call a meteoride that survives the atmosphere and hist the surfave of a planet

A

Meteorite

80
Q

Tbis is what you call meteoroids when they enter the planets atmoshere

A

Meteors

81
Q

This forms as the meteorite’s outer surface melts while passing thrpugh the atmosphere.

A

Fusion crust

Astronomy (1 decks)

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