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civics > SOL Review > Flashcards

SOL Review Flashcards

1
Q

Citizen traits

A 
Trustworthy
Respect the law
Responsible
Participating
Patriotism
Informed decision-making
Courteous
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2
Q

Citizen duties

A

obeying laws
Pay taxes
Serve in the military if drafted (called)
Serve on a jury if summoned

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3
Q

Citizen responsibilities

A

register and vote
hold elected office
Communicate w/ gov officials to influence gov actions
serve in voluntary, appointed gov positions
participate in political campaigns
keep informed of current issues
respect others’ right to an equal voice in gov

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4
Q

US citizenship is defined in…

A

14th amendment

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5
Q

Naturalization steps

A
  1. 18+
    1. Legal Resident of US for at least 3-5 yrs
    2. Good moral loyal character
    3. Be able to read, write, and speak basic English
    4. Pass naturalization test
    5. Take oath of allegiance
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6
Q

2 ways to become a citizen

A

Naturalization

Birth

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7
Q

How are you born into a citizen?

A
  1. Being born in the US or one of its territories
    2. Being born to parents who are citizens
    3. If one or both of your parents have been naturalized
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8
Q

What does media influence?

A

PUblic policy

Public opinion

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9
Q

how does media influence Public policy

A

Media influences the actions and plans of the gov

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10
Q

how does media influence public oopinion?

A

Media influences what people think & feel ‘cause it’s where most people get their information.

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11
Q

two groups who influence public policy?

A

individuals

interest groups

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12
Q

how do individuals influence poublic policy

A

Participating in politics

Expressing opinions

Joining interest groups

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13
Q

how do interest groups influence publluc policy

A

Identifying issues

Making political contributions

Lobbying gov officials

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14
Q

4 functions of political parties

A
  1. _____NOMINATING_____Nominating and recruiting candidates
  2. ___EDUCATING___ Educating the electorate about campaign issues
  3. __(SUCCEED)_HELP__ (succeed) help candidates win
  4. _____(WATCH) MONITOR____ (watch) monitor actions of office holders
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15
Q

Democratic party traits

A

Higher taxes
Universal Healthcare
More gov regulations of businesses

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16
Q

Republican party traits

A

Lower taxes
Private healthcare
Less gov regulation of businesses

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17
Q

3rd party characteristics

A

Don’t usually win
Introduce new ideas
Focus on one particular issue
Revolve around a political personality

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18
Q

Similarities between the two major parties are:

A

Organize to win elections
Influence public policies
Reflect both liberal & conservative views
Appeal to the political center (moderates) to win majority support

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19
Q

roles/functions of Media in Elections?

A

Identifying Candidates
Editorials, political cartoons, publishing op-ed pieces
Emphasizing selected issues
Broadcasting different points of view

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20
Q

How can citizens make informed choices? (deSIDE)

A

Separate fact from opinion
Identify propaganda
Detecting Bias
Evaluating Sources

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21
Q

Electoral COllege

A

a group of 538 electors that vote for the PRES & VICE PRES

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22
Q

How is the number of votes in the Electoral College determined and how many does Virginia have?

A

VA has 13, the electors = representatives, Senators; a vote for each elector; states get a specific # of electors based on the state’s Congressional Representation.

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23
Q

The minimum number of votes to win the Electoral College:

A

270

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24
Q

1607-Charters of teh Vigrinia Company of LOndon

A

guarantees the colonists going to VA the same rights as Englishmen, gave permission to settle jamestown colony

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25
Q

1776-VA Dec of Rights

A

Guarantees Freedom of the Press

Serves as model for the Bill of Rights

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26
Q

1776 Declaration of Independence

A

Declared independence from England. Life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness
Lists grievances against King of England, all men are equal under law.

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27
Q

1777 VA Statute for Religious Freedom

A

Establishes Freedom of Religion and beliefs.

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28
Q

1781 - Articles of Confederation

A

Congress had no power to tax or to enforce laws. Major powers reside with
Individuals. No executive, no national court system. Approval from at least 9 of 13 states to create
Laws. CREATED WEAK CENTRAL GOVERNMENT.

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29
Q

US Constitution year

A

1787

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30
Q

Fundamental principles:

A 
Consent of the governed
limited govt
rule of law
democracy
representative govt
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31
Q

Bill of Rights year

A

1791

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32
Q

First amendment

A 
Freedom of _religion\_\_
Freedom of \_\_assembly\_\_
Freedom of \_\_\_\_Press\_\_
Freedom of \_\_\_\_\_Petition\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Freedom of \_\_\_\_\_\_Speech\_\_\_\_\_\_
33
Q

Legislative

A

Branch of government who finds its power in Article 1 of the US Constitution
The group in charge is called: _Congress__.

34
Q

2 houses

A
  1. __House of Representatives__, number of representatives is __435__, which is determined

by __the populations of the states__.

  1. ___Senate___, number of representatives is ___100___, which is determined

by ___two per state___.

35
Q

The two types of powers they have are:

A

expressed

implied

36
Q

expressed powers

A
  • makes laws for the nation
    - APPROVES the annual budget
    - CONFIRMS presidential appointments
    - RAISES revenue through taxes and levies
    - REGULATES interstate and foreign trade
    - DECLARES war
37
Q

implied powers

A 
Introduce bill
Work on bill in committee
Debate bill on floor
Vote on bill
Send to the other House
Send bill to the president to sign into law
38
Q

Executive

A

Branch of government who finds its power in Article 2 of the US Constitution

39
Q

7 roles of president

A
  1. ___Chief of State___: ceremonial head of gov (lights national christmas tree)
  2. ___Chief Executive___: Head of Exec Branch, including executive agencies and cabinet
    (president’s advisors) (boss for 2 million members of bureaucracy)
  3. ___Chief Legislator___: proposer of the legislative agenda (proposes laws, veto bills)
  4. ___Commander-in-Chief___: Head of the nation’s armed forces (national security, army)
  5. __Chief Diploment__: Architect (designer) of American foreign policy (treaties, peace-talks)
  6. __Chief of Party___: Leader of political party the controls E branch (Campaigns)
  7. ___Chief Citizen___: Representative of people (inspires, comforts)
40
Q

4 ways the President influences public policy:

A
  1. Approve or veto laws
  2. Proposing legislation (laws)
  3. Appeal directly to people
  4. Appoints officials that carry out laws
41
Q

judicial

A

Branch of government who finds its power in Article 3 of the US Constitution

The group in charge is called the: __Supreme Court__ and there are 9 Justices who serve for life and are appointed by the _____president______.

42
Q

What is the power of Judicial Review and which court case established Judicial Review:

A

Decides whether something is constitutional or not

Marbury v. Madison

43
Q

Legislative checks on Executive:

A
  • override vetoes
  • impeach/convict the pres
  • approve budget
  • approve pres appointments
44
Q

Legislative checks on Judicial:

A
  • confirm or refuse to confirm federal judges/justices

- impeach and convict judges/justices

45
Q

Executive checks on Legislative:

A
  • proposes legislation
  • prepares an annual budget
  • call special sessions of Congresses
  • vetoes legislation Congress has passed
46
Q

Executive checks on Judicial:

A
  • appoints judges/justices

- grants pardons and reprieves

47
Q

Judicial checks on Legislative:

A

Judicial review

48
Q

Judicial checks on Executive:

A

Judicial review

49
Q

federalism

A

the system of the gov

50
Q

group in charge of the State Legislative Branch

A

VA general assembly

51
Q

names of the two houses (state)

A

The House of Delegates___ and ___The VA Senate

52
Q

Primary Job of the State Legislative Branch

A

write laws in response to problems or issues

53
Q

The Primary Issues most laws are about

A 
state budget
public health
environemnt
revenue
education
54
Q

person in charge of the State Executive Branch

A

governor

55
Q

Governor’s five roles

A

Commander-in-chief: leader of armed forces

· Chief Legislator: proposer of the VA legislative agenda

· Chief Administrator: leader of its agencies

· Chief of Party: leader of political party that controls the Exec. Branch in the state

· Chief of State: Ceremonial Head of VA Government

56
Q

3 types of localities

A

counties
cities
towns

57
Q

local governments get their power from

A

VA constitution and acts by General Assembly

58
Q

Local governments have 7 powers they need to carry out:

A

Enforce State and Local Laws: Make sure people follow state and local laws

· Promote Public Health: Protect health of citizens

· Protect Public Safety: Make sure citizens are safe

· Educate Children: Build and manage schools in locality

· Protect the Environment: Protect natural resources

· Regulate Land Use: Organize and give permission for the building of states, houses, roads, and schools on local roads

· Levy and Collect Taxes: Locality collects taxes, such as taxes on cars and homes

59
Q

Head of the Local Legislative Branch

A

Board of Supervisors (County) or Council (city/town)

60
Q

Primary jobs of Local Legislative Branch:

A

approve annual budget and Enact ordinances

61
Q

Head of Local Executive Branch:

A

Local Bureaucracy (County) or Mayor (city/town)

62
Q

Primary Job of Local Executive Branch:

A

carries out laws for locality

63
Q

Head of the Local Judicial Branch:

A

Local courts

64
Q

Primary Job of the Local Judicial Branch

A

interpet law in each locality

65
Q

What are the 5 other elected officials that help with local government:

A 
Attorney for commonwealth
Sheriff
Clerk of CIrcuit Court
Commission of revenue
treasurer
66
Q

Virginia Constitution Amendment Process:

A

proposal

ratification

67
Q

Proposal

A

a majority of members in the general assembly or convention propose an amendment

68
Q

ratification

A

a majority of voters in VA will vote to ratify the amendment

69
Q

5th amendment

A

provides Due Process from the National Government.

70
Q

4th amendment

A

provides Due Process from the State Government.

71
Q

civil case is an

A

argumenr

72
Q

3 Steps in a civil court case:

A
  1. Plaintiff files a complaint to recover damages and/or receive compensation
  2. Case can be heard by a Judge or Jury
  3. Case can be appealed
73
Q

3 Courts in the Federal Court System:

A

US Supreme court
US Court of Appeals
US DIstrict Court

74
Q

What types of cases will be heard by Federal Courts?

A

Constitutional and law

75
Q

List the 5 Courts in the State Court System:

A 
VA Supreme court
Court of Appeals of VA
Circuit Court
General DIstrict Court
Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court
76
Q

What types of cases will be heard in State Courts?

A

Robberies and divorces, that type of stuff

77
Q

A Criminal Case is:

A

Law is broken

78
Q

5 Steps in Criminal Case:

A 
Arrest
Jail of Bail
Arraignment
Trial
Appeal

civics (3 decks)

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