SOL Prep

Question 1

Evaluate

Answer 1

Examine and judge carefully. To judge or determine the significance, worth, or quality of something; to assess.

Question 2

Analysis

Answer 2

The process or result of identifying the parts of a whole and their relationships to one another

Question 3

Explicit

Answer 3

Clearly expressed or fully stated in the actual text.

Question 4

Connotation

Answer 4

The range of associations that a word or phrase suggests in addition to its dictionary meaning

Question 5

Irony

Answer 5

Incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected result.

Question 6

Inference

Answer 6

A judgement based on reasoning rather than on a direct or explicit statement. A conclusion based on facts or circumstances.

Question 7

Refutation

Answer 7

Countering of anticipated arguments.

Question 8

Juxtaposition

Answer 8

Placing one thing adjacent to another, especially for comparison and contrast.

Question 9

Rhetoric

Answer 9

The art and study of effective writing and speech

Question 10

Phrase

Answer 10

A group of words that do not contain at least one paired subject and predicate

Question 11

Ethos

Answer 11

Mode of persuasion requiring speakers to establish their credibility, skill, or morality on a given subject to an intended audience.

Question 12

Pathos

Answer 12

Mode of persuasion speakers use when appealing to the various emotions of the audience, including fear, inspiration, intimidation, idealism, anger, nostalgia, despair, optimism, etc.

Question 13

Logos

Answer 13

Mode of persuasion used when appealing to the audience’s ability to distinguish through discourse the difference between what is reasonable or unreasonable.

Question 14

Evidence

Answer 14

Proof coming from sources, fieldwork, and research that validates any logical support of an argument

Question 15

Reasons

Answer 15

Statements of logic that offer support for an argument.

Question 16

Comma splice

Answer 16

A type of Run-On Sentence in which the writer as erroneously (randomly) paced only a comma between two independent clauses, resulting in a failure to link the two according to grammatical convention.

Question 17

Claims

Answer 17

Any statements of belief that can be contested; argument.

Question 18

Diction

Answer 18

Specific word choices an author makes to persuade or to convey tone

ex - She began imitating his careful diction

Question 19

Claim of Value

Answer 19

A statement made to show that something is moral or immoral.

Question 20

Fallacy

Answer 20

Rationales for claims that might seem responsible, but are actually unsound - and usually false.

Question 21

Claim of Policy

Answer 21

A statement made to endorse specific course of action.

Question 22

Claim of Fact

Answer 22

A statement made to verify the authenticity of something.

Question 23

Fused sentence

Answer 23

a type of run on sentence in which the writer has failed to make any attempt either to link or separate two independent clauses, utilizing neither punctuation, nor conjunctions.

Question 24

Loose Sentence

Answer 24

A sentence structure in which a main clause is followed by subordinate phrases and clauses.

Question 25

Parallelism

Answer 25

The similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses.

Question 26

Periodic Sentence

Answer 26

A long and frequently involved sentence, marked by suspended syntax, in which the sense is not completed until the final word.

Question 27

Ambiguity

Answer 27

The presence of two or more possible meanings in any passage.

Question 28

Concession

Answer 28

An argumentative strategy by which a speaker or writer acknowledges the validity of an opponent’s point.

Question 29

Tone

Answer 29

The attitude of the author toward the audience, characters, subject or the work itself.

Question 30

Clause

Answer 30

A group of words containing at least one paired subject and predicate

Question 31

Satire

Answer 31

A literacy approach that ridicules or examines human vice or weakness.

Question 32

Convention

Answer 32

An accepted manner, model, or tradition used to create uniformity.

Question 33

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 33

Argument in which general conclusions are drawn from specific facts.

Question 34

Prose

Answer 34

Ordinary form of written language.

Question 35

Colloquial

Answer 35

Ordinary language, vernacular.

Question 36

Syntax

Answer 36

The order and structure of a sentence

Question 37

Inductive Reasoning

Answer 37

Argument in which specific statements/conclusions are drawn from general principles: movement from general to specific

Question 38

Run-on Sentence

Answer 38

Two or more complete sentences joined by any means going against grammatical conventions.

Question 39

Modifier

Answer 39

Any adjectives, adverbs, phrases, and relative clauses used to alter the meaning of particular words or phrases within a sentence.