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RHS L2 R102 Plant Nutrition and the Root Environment > Soils Physical and Chemical Properties > Flashcards

Soils Physical and Chemical Properties Flashcards

1
Q

1.1a Describe the natural processes of soil formation

A

Weathering of parent rock

  1. physical
  2. chemical
  3. biological
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2
Q

1.1b Describe the natural processes of soil formation

A

Addition of organic matter

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3
Q

1.1c Describe the natural processes of soil formation

A

Development of main horizons

  1. organic layer
  2. top soil
  3. subsoil
  4. parent rock
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4
Q

1.2a State the properties of topsoil that contribute to the healthy growth of plants

A

Top soil

  1. organic matter content (living and dead organisms, humus)
  2. colour
  3. pore space
  4. aeration
  5. water content
  6. nutrient content
  7. suitability for plant growth
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5
Q

1.2b State the properties of subsoil that contribute to the healthy growth of plants

A

Subsoil

  1. organic matter content (living and dead organisms, humus)
  2. colour
  3. pore space
  4. aeration
  5. water content
  6. nutrient content
  7. suitability for plant growth
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6
Q

1.31a Define the term ‘soil texture’

A

soil texture

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7
Q

1.31b State the Soil Survey England and Wales definition of particle size for stones

A

stones

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8
Q

1.31c State the Soil Survey England and Wales definition of particle size for sand

A

sand

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9
Q

1.31d State the Soil Survey England and Wales definition of particle size for silt

A

silt

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10
Q

1.31e State the Soil Survey England and Wales definition of particle size for clay

A

clay

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11
Q

1.32a Describe the characteristics of sandy loam soil

A

Sandy Loam

  1. feel
  2. nutrients
  3. water retention
  4. temperature
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12
Q

1.32b Describe the characteristics of siltyloam soil

A

silty loam

  1. feel
  2. nutrients
  3. water retention
  4. temperature
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13
Q

1.32c Describe the characteristics of clay loam soil

A

clay loam

  1. feel
  2. nutrients
  3. water retention
  4. temperature
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14
Q

1.41 Define the term ‘soil structure’

A

soil structure:

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15
Q

1.42 Define the term ‘crum structure’ and describe its 2 influences on plant growth in the root environment

A

Crumb structure:

  1. crumb formation
  2. crumb destruction
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16
Q

1.43a Describe the relation between pore space, air and water in the root environment

A
  1. Pore space
  2. Air
  3. Water

Saturation point

Field Capacity

Available Water content

Permanent wilting point

Soil moisture deficit

17
Q

1.43b Describe the root environment to include the importance of an appropriate balance between air and water for the healthy growth of plants

A
18
Q

1.51 Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by single digging cultivation

A

Single digging

19
Q

1.51b Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by double digging cultivation

A

double digging

20
Q

1.51c Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by rotary cultivation

A
21
Q

1.51d Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by forking cultivation

A
22
Q

1.51e Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by raking cultivation

A
23
Q

1.51f Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by consolidation cultivation

A
24
Q

1.51g Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by ‘no dig’ method of cultivation

A
25
Q

1.51h Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by bed systems of cultivation

A
26
Q

1.52a Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by the addition of organic material

A
27
Q

1.52b Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by the addition of inorganic material

A

inorganic material:

  1. grit
  2. sand
  3. lime
28
Q

1.53a Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by the avoidance and removal of compaction (pans and surface ‘after capping’)

A

Mulching

29
Q

1.53b Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by the avoidance and removal of compaction (pans and surface ‘after capping’)

A

green manure

30
Q

1.53c Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by the avoidance and removal of compaction (pans and surface ‘after capping’)

A

timing of cultivation

31
Q

1.53d Describe how the root environtment can be improved and protected by the avoidance and removal of compaction (pans and surface ‘after capping’)

A

‘sub-soiling’

RHS L2 R102 Plant Nutrition and the Root Environment (1 decks)

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