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⭐️Raj Bhug > soils > Flashcards

soils Flashcards

1
Q

the four layers of soils?

A

soil
subsoil
concrete
fundamental rocks

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2
Q

soil is a mixture of what

A

rock debris and organic material developed on the earth’s surface

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3
Q

what contributes maximum in the formation of soils

A

minerals

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4
Q

when was rajasthan agriculture dept estt

A

1949

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5
Q

who does the general classification on india level

A

ICAR

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6
Q

when was ICAR estt and where is its hq

A

1929 delhi

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7
Q

who does the scientific classification of soils

A

USDA
united states department of agriculture

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8
Q

ICAR divides the soils into how many parts and subparts

A

8 main 27 sub parts

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9
Q

in how many parts does the rajasthan agri commission divide the soils of rajasthan

A

14

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10
Q

how many types of soils are in the scientific classification in total?

A

12

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11
Q

out of the 12 types of soils by usda, how many types are present in rajasthan

A

5

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12
Q

name the 5 types of soils in rajasthan acc to usda

A

aridosol
antisol
alfasol
vertisol
inceptisol

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13
Q

what is the basis of classification for icar

A

colour is primary
then size of soil particles and fertility/infertility of soil

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14
Q

what is the basis of classification for usda

A

size of soil particles

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15
Q

1 sandy soil other names

A

desert soil and thirsty soil

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16
Q

1 sandy soil formation rocks?

A

sandstone
granite rocks

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17
Q

1 sandy soil extension in?

A

western desert area i.e. jaiselmer, bikaner, barmer and shekhwati (churu)

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18
Q

1 sandy soil max production crop?

A

bajra

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19
Q

1 sandy soil which crops produced

A

moti fasle
bajra
moong
moth
groundnut
gwar

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20
Q

which type of soil is max in rajasthan

A

1 sandy soil

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21
Q

why is 1 sandy soil called thirsty soil

A

coarse particles

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22
Q

which soil exudes the maximum quantity of calcium

A

1 sandy soil calcium

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23
Q

scientific name of 2 mountain soil/forest soil

A

lithosols

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24
Q

2 mountain soil/forest soil formation rocks?

A

quartzite rocks
granite rocks
gneiss rocks

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25
Q

2 mountain soil/forest soil extension?

A

southern aravali i.e. udaipur, rajsamand, sirohi, ajmer

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26
Q

2 mountain soil/forest soil max production crop

A

maize

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27
Q

which soil is called the soil of incomplete formation

A

2 mountain soil/forest soil

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28
Q

other names for 3 alluvial soil

A

domadh
jalodh
deltai
kachari soil

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29
Q

which soil is called the soil of flood area

A

deltai aka alluvial soil

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30
Q

3 alluvial soil formation by?

A

rivers

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31
Q

3 alluvial soil extension?

A

eastern plain area i.e. tonk and sawai madhopur with alwar, bharatpur, karauli and dholpur

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32
Q

3 alluvial soil production crops maximum?

A

wheat

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33
Q

3 alluvial soil production crops?

A

wheat
mustard
sugarcane
rice

medium paani wali

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34
Q

why is 3 alluvial soil most fertile?

A

presence of potash

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35
Q

what are the two types of alluvial soils?

A

bangar and khadar

36
Q

also mains
draw difference between bangar and khadar 3 alluvial soil

A

bangar is ancient while khadar is recent
bangar is fertile but khadar is a little bit more than bangar
bangar is fertile because of the high moisture retention, khadar also has but a little less thus good water capacity too
bangar has good crops like wheat, gram and sugarcane which need water but khadar since also releases water is good for paddy, maize and vegetables too

37
Q

4 black soil other names

A

cotton soil
regur soil
lava soil
volcanic soil

38
Q

4 black soil formed by?

A

basalt rocks i.e. the erosion of basalt lava

39
Q

4 black soil areas?

A

hadoti plateau and a little bit of sgnr near ghaggar basin

40
Q

which soil has the max water retention capacity

A

4 black soil

41
Q

which type of soil needs the least irrigation

A

4 black soil

42
Q

which soil is called a self ploughing soil

A

4 black soil

43
Q

why is 4 black soil called self ploughing soil

A

after drying cracks develop in it

44
Q

how is water logging a problem in 4 black soil

A

in heavy rains, water gets logged in the soil which harms crops

45
Q

the 4 black soil is rich in which elements

A

calcium
magnesium
potassium
iron

46
Q

4 black soil main crops?

A

cotton imp
wheat
gram

47
Q

5 red loamy soil formation by which rocks?

A

metamorphic rocks i.e granite, gneiss and quartzite rocks

48
Q

5 red loamy soil extension in

A

banswara
doongarpur
pratapgarh
udaipur

i.e. wagad and udaipur aravalli ke neeche

49
Q

5 red loamy soil production crops?

A

maize
rice
sugarcane

50
Q

how are kharif and rabi crops irrigated

A

kharif with rainfall
rabi with well irrigation

trick: rab ki mehr nahi to kuan kaam aaya

51
Q

why is the red colour of 5 red loamy soil

A

due to iron oxides i.e. Fe2O3

52
Q

colour of sierozems soil

A

yellow brown

53
Q

where are siezorem soil found

A

both sides of aravalli i.e. pali nagaur jaipur dausa

54
Q

6 brown soil extension?

A

banas (max extension)
luni (in western regions)

55
Q

6 brown soil production?

A

all types of crops

56
Q

7 red black soil extension

A

bundi
bhilwara
chittorgarh

black soil ke aas paas aati hai

57
Q

7 red black soil production crops?

A

maize
cotton
opium

58
Q

8 saline soil scientific name?

A

solonchaks

59
Q

8 saline soil formation

A

in dry or arid regions due to excess irrigation, NaCl comes to surface and makes the land saline

60
Q

what are the names for land of 8 saline soil

A

reh and kallar

imp

61
Q

8 saline soil extension

A

ignp and narmada canal area

ignp: bikaner, sgnr, hanumangarh,
narmada: jalore and barmer

62
Q

8 saline soil production crops?

A

sugarcane
guava
pomegranate
blackberry
jamun

namak me meetha ugta hai

63
Q

8 saline soil which fertilizers used for salinity problem

A

rock phosphate

64
Q

soil: equivalant soil: climate
aridosol

A

dry soil dry climate

65
Q

soil: equivalant soil: climate
antisol

A

sandy soil arid+semi arid climate

66
Q

soil: equivalant soil: climate
alfasol

A

alluvial soil sub humid+humid climate

67
Q

soil: equivalant soil: climate
vertisol

A

black soil max humid climate

68
Q

soil: equivalant soil: climate
inceptisol

A

red soil semi arid+humid climate

69
Q

Draw usda soil type table

70
Q

Draw map of usda rajasthan soil classification

71
Q

what is erosion?

A

denudation of the topmost layer of soil

72
Q

what is known as death of farmers

A

erosion aka moving death of soil

73
Q

3 types of erosion

A

layer
rain water
river water

74
Q

where in rajasthan is layer erosion observed

A

western raj

75
Q

where in rajasthan is rain water erosion aka sheet erosion observed

A

rajsamand and sirohi

76
Q

where in rajasthan is river water aka gully erosion observed

A

chambal river

77
Q

main cause of erosion in rajasthan

78
Q

max in which distt is wind erosion in raj

79
Q

solution for wind erosion

A

aforestation

80
Q

max affected place in rajasthan of water logging

A

badopal village of hanumangarh

81
Q

max affected distts of water logging

A

hanumangarh and sgnr

82
Q

solution for water logging

A

planting eucalyptus trees

83
Q

where is 2nd bird sanctuary of rajasthan proposed

A

badopal hanumangarh

84
Q

after which ph level does soil is considered alkaline

85
Q

solution for alkalinity

A

planting gwar (beans) and dhencha (prickly sesban)
and using gypsum fertilisers

86
Q

which fertilisers are used in saline soils

A

gypsum and rock phosphate

point to be noted is gypsum is also used for alkaline soils

⭐️Raj Bhug (19 decks)

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