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Indian physical geography > Soils > Flashcards

Soils Flashcards

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1
Q

The major factors affecting them formation of soil are

A

relief, parent material, climate, vegetation and other life-forms and time.

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2
Q

Horizon A’ is the topmost

zone,

A

where organic materials have got
incorporated with the mineral matter,
nutrients and water, which are necessary for
the growth of plants

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3
Q

Horixon B has some

A

organic matter in it, although the mineral matter is noticeably weathered.

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4
Q

‘Horizon C’ is composed

A

of the loose parent material

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5
Q

This layer is the first stage in

the soil formation process and

A

‘Horizon C’

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6
Q

fertile soil is called

A

Urvara

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7
Q

Sterile soil is called

A

Usara

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8
Q

Soil Survey of India, established in , made
comprehensive studies of soils in selected areas
like in the Damodar Valley

A

1956

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9
Q

The NationalBureau of Soil Survey and the Land Use

Planning an Institute under the control of

A

the

Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)

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10
Q

Region of Alluvial soi

A

northern plains, and river valleys

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11
Q

Nature of Alluvial soil

A

Sandy loam to clay

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12
Q

Alluvial soil is rich in

A

potash

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13
Q

Alluvial soil is poor in

A

Phosphorous

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14
Q

Khadar and bhangar are types of

A

Alluvial soil

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15
Q

The colour of the alluvial soils varies from

the

A

light grey to ash grey

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16
Q

Black soil covers m

A

ost of the Deccan Plateau which includes parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and some parts of Tamil Nadu

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17
Q

Nature of black soil

A

clayey, deep and impermeable.

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18
Q

character of black soil soil

A

low absorption and loss of moisture

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19
Q

self ploughing soil

A

black soil

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20
Q

the black soils are rich in . Th

A

lime, iron, magnesia and alumina, potash

21
Q

the black soils lack in

A

phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter

22
Q

Red soil develops on

A

crystalline igneous rocks
in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and
southern part of the Deccan Plateau

23
Q

Along the piedmont zone of the Western Ghat, long stretch of area is occupied by

A

red loamy soil

24
Q

Yellow and red soils are also found in parts ofn

A

Odisha and
Chattisgarh and in the southern parts of the
middle Ganga plai

25
Q

red soil develops a reddish colour due to a wide diffusion of

A

iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.

26
Q

Red soil becomes yellow due to

A

Hydration

27
Q

Red and yellow soils are generally poor in

A

nitrogen, phosphorous and humus.

28
Q

develop in areas with high temperature and
high rainfall. These are the result of intense
leaching due to tropical rains

A

The laterite soils

29
Q

soils rich in iron oxide and aluminium compound

A

The laterite soils

30
Q

Laterite soils are poor in

A

organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate and calcium,

31
Q

laterite soils are rich in

A

iron oxide and potash are in excess.

32
Q

are not suitable for cultivation;
however, application of manures and fertilisers
are required for making the soils fertile for
cultivation.

A

The laterite soils

33
Q

Red laterite soils in

A

Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala

34
Q

are widely cut as bricks for

use in house construction

A

The laterite soils

35
Q

developed in the higher areas of the Peninsular plateau

A

The laterite soils

36
Q

nature of arid soil

A

red to brown in colour.
They are generally sandy in structure and
saline in nature. I

37
Q

arid soil is poor in

A

moisture humus nitrogen organic matter

38
Q

They are also known as Usara soils.

A

Saline soils

39
Q

saline soil rich in

A

sodium, potassium and magnesium

40
Q

nature saline soil

A

sandy to loamy

41
Q

saline soil are poor in

A

nitrogen and calcium

42
Q

peaty soil found in

A

They are found in the areas of heavy rainfall

and high humidity

43
Q

peaty soil rich in

A

humus and organic matter

44
Q

peaty soil occur in

A

northern part of Bihar, southern
part of Uttaranchal and the coastal areas of West
Bengal, Orissa and Tamil Nadu

45
Q

Nature of forest soil

A

They are loamy and silty on
valley sides and coarse-grained in the upper
slopes. Soil in lower valley is fertile

46
Q

is called a badland topography

A

A region with a large number of deep gullies or

ravines

47
Q

Finger gullies can be eliminated by

A

terracing.

48
Q

ICAR has classified the soils of India into the

following order as per the USDA soil taxonomy

A

Inceptisols 39.74

(ii) Entisols 28.08
(iii) Alfisols 13.55
(iv) Vertisols 0 8.52
(v) Aridisols 4.28
(vi) Ultisols 2.51
(vi) Mollisols 0.4

Indian physical geography (7 decks)

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