SOIL AND WATER RESOURCE CONSERVATION ENGINEERING Flashcards
Implies utilization without wastes
Conservation
Continuous high level of crop production while improving environment quality
Conservation
True or False. Soil and water conservation is based on full integration of engineering, atmospheric, plant and soil science. It requires knowledge of the soil -plant-water interactions, particularly conserving the soil physical, chemical and engineering characteristics.
True
One major cause of water pollution
Soil erosion
It is said that agriculture contributes to 60-80% of total water use . 40% of irrigation water was not available to crops. Give the causes of this water loss
Conveyance, seepage, percolation, evaporation, transpiration
Enumerate some physical means of retaining raifall in soil and reducing evapotranspiration
Level terracing, reservoirs, contouring, pitting, water harvesting techniques, modified tillage, crop management techniques
Total land area of Philippines
30 M ha
Agricultural land in the Philippines is about 42%. What is its value in terms of ha
12.57 M ha
PD 1067 is also known as
Water Code of the Philippines
Located below 50 m above mean sea level
Shallow well areas
Located above 50 m above mean sea level
Deep well areas
Geologic features lying at a depth more than 20 meters below the ground
Aquifers
Areas with insufficient data to be classified as either shallow or deep well areas because of varying depth
Difficult areas
Average growing rate of Philippine population
2.3 %
On 1990, how much of the total land area of the country was affected by soil erosion?
45%
Annual average nutrient loss in terms of fertilizer requirement. In tons, how much N, P, K were lost?
194,000 tos N, 40, 000 tons P, 30,000 tons K
Issues and problems attendant to soil and water conservation and utilization.
Land and water resource degradation, allocation, data availability and reliability, support
Major sources of water
Rainwater, surface water, ground water
Movement of water on the earth’s surface and through the atmosphere
Hydrologic cycle
Water vapor in the atmosphere
Humidity
Any aqueous deposit in liquid or solid form, that develops in a saturated atmospheric environment and generally falls from clouds
Precipitation
True or false. Evaporation from ocean surface is the chief source of moisture for precipitation
True
Four primary reasons of condensation or sublimation of atmospheric moist
Adiabatic cooling, mixing of air masses of varying temperatures, radiation cooling, contact cooling
Tiny liquid water droplets. 0.1-0.55 mm diameters and usually falls less than 1 mm per hour and also appears to float
Drizzle or mist