Soil Flashcards
Weathered rock material is called
Regolith
What are the types of soils?
Sandy, clayey, silty and loamy
Study of soil is called?
Pedalogy
What are the different soil structures?
Platy, Prismatic, Blocky, Granular
What are the soils found in India?
Black, Laterite, Alluvial, Forest, Red & Yellow, Arid soil
Where is alluvial soil found?
Gangetic plains & deltas of Eastern Coast
Characteristics of alluvial soil?
Rich is potash, poor in phosphorous
Where is black soil found?
Deccan Trap
Characteristics of black soil?
Deficient in Humus, Nitrogen and Phosphorous
Rich in Potash, Iron, Magnesia and Alumina
Why is black soil black?
Because it is rich in titaniferous magnetic material
Where is red soil found?
Odisha, Chattisgarh and southern parts of middle gangetic plains
Characteristics of red soil?
Pure in Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Humus
Why is red soil red?
due to wide diffusion of iron from crystalline and metamorphic rocks
When does red soil become yellow?
When it comes in contact with water- hydrated form
Where is laterite soil found?
Middle & Southern Sayadris, Eastern Ghat region & Shillong plateau
Characteristics of laterite soil?
Rich in potash but poor in nitrogen and phosphorous, mainly high altitude
Where is arid soil found?
dry climate with accelerated evaporation and high temp
Characteristics of arid soil?
lacks moisture, humus and nitrogen insufficient
phosphate levels normal
Where is saline soil found?
Western Gujarat, some parts of deltas of East Coast, Rann of Kutch
regions of excessive irrigation, Punjab & Haryana
Characteristics of saline soil?
larger proportions of Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium present
Lacking in Nitrogen and Calcium
Where is peaty soil found?
Northern parts of Bihar, southern part of Uttrakhand, coastal regions of West Bengal, Odisha and Tamil Nadu
What are the different methods of soil degradation?
Soil Erosion, Soil Pollution, Soil Salinization, Soil Alkalisation, Soil Concretisation
