Soil Flashcards
Learn Soil Orders
What are 3 key properties of a Brown soil?
They have a brown colour due to iron oxides. They are well developed and have a large biological population.
Where is a Raw soil likely to be found?
High mountains, near rivers,beaches and estuaries.
What are 4 key properties of a Pallic soil?
Pale sub soils, high density, sometimes pans occur and they are usually dry in summer and wet in winter (so needs moderate rainfall).
Where is an Ultic soil likely to be found?
Top of North Island and South Island - where there is a lot of clay material from quartz rocks.
What are 4 key properties of a Pumice soil?
Forms from pumice sand and natural glass, stores lots of water and good at draining.
Where is an Allophanic soil likely to be found?
In the North Island’s volcanic ash and in weathering products of other volcanic rocks. Also forms from Greywacke or Schist in the South Island High Country.
What are 4 key properties of a Raw soil?
It is not developed as it is very young, it has no to low fertility and doesn’t have much vegetation cover.
Where is a Podzol likely to be found?
West and South coasts of the South Island and scattered in the Central North Island. (Where there is high rainfall)
What are 3 key properties of a Recent soil?
It is weakly developed, often has a topsoil but not usually a B-horizon.
Where is a Recent soil likely to be found?
Alluvial floodplains, unstable steep slopes and slopes with young volcanic ash.
What are 4 key properties of a Podzol soil?
Strongly acidic, bleached horizon below topsoil. It has an aluminium and iron oxide accumulation with an underlying reddish coloured horizon.
Where is a Pumice soil likely to be found?
Central North Island
What are 6 key properties of an Ultic soil?
Strongly weathered, well structured, clay enriched subsoil, often has an e-horizon, acidic, and strongly leaching.
Where is a Pallic soil likely to be found?
In seasonally dry eastern parts of the North and South Islands (so in places of moderate rainfall).
What are 6 key properties of an Allophanic soil?
It has a low density, it’s weak, porous, is dominated by allophane minerals and has a high retention of phosphorus. It also has a large biological population.
