Soil

Question 1

Podzol

Answer 1

Coniferous forest
Slow decay of pine needles
Ash grey layer
Distinct layer do to lack of mixing due to the lack of organisms due to the cold climate
Red flecks due to leaching
Precipitation>evaporation
Acidic MOR humus
Short roots can’t absorb minerals from below
Hard iron pan layer which impedes drainage
Reddish brown layer
Weather parent material

Question 2

Brown earth

Answer 2

Deciduous forest
Mild climate
Decomposing leaf litter
Mild MULL humus
Good drainage
Long tree roots which can absorb minerals from deep below
Weather parent material
Precipitation>= evaporation
Light brown soil

Question 3

Gley

Answer 3

Long cold winters
Shrubs heather
Slow decomposing leaf litter
Thick black ACIDIC humus
Dark brown/grey colour
Distinct layers due to no mixing due to no organisms due to water logging
Waterlogged
Impermeable parent material
Anaerobic conditions
Precipitation> evaporation