Soil Flashcards
Some factors that determine the type of soil found in India
Parent material
Relief
Climate
Natural vegetation
State in which mostly red soil is found
Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Disadvantage of red soil
Soil lacks in nitrogen , organic and phosphoric acid
Less fertile
Porous in nature but NOT retentive to moisture
Soil most suitable for coffee cultivation
Laterite soil
Soil found in eastern ghats
Red soil
Soil known for its self ploughing capacity
Name one crop grown in it
Black soil
Cotton
Why laterite soil is unsuitable for agriculture?
Laterite soil is formed as a result of intense leaching.
The soil becomes hard like a brick when it dries up
Khadhar is __________ fertile than bhangar
More
Soil formed due to high temperature and high rainfall in alternating wet and dry periods.
Laterite soils
Laterite soil is found in
Patches in the edge of the eastern plateau covering parts of Tamil Nadu , Odisha, Chotta Nagpur plateau
Hills of Meghalaya
One feature of mountain soil
Mountain soil varies with increase in height due to changes in temperature and rainfall conditions change
4 major soils
Black or regur soil
Laterite soil
Red soil
Alluvial soil
2 characteristics of black soil
Made of clayey material
Self ploughing capacity
Known for capacity to hold moisture
“ loose rock material, together with humus, forming the uppermost layer of earth’s crust and serving as food and moisture for plants “
Top soil
Soil of volcanic origin
Black soil
Indian soil formed by leaching
Laterite soil
Good for coffee growth and cashew nut growth
Laterite soil
Explain gully erosion
Gully erosion takes place when running water cuts deep ravines in absence of vegetation.
This makes soil unfit for cultivation
Explain soil texture
Soil texture refers to the size of particles of the soil.
It may be gravel, sand, silt or clay.
Explain contour ploughing
Farming technique used in hilly areas to prevent soil erosion. It involves ploughing along the outline of the fields in a circular manner.
Explain slip erosion
During heavy rains, water filters into the soil until is unable to penetrate further by underlying impervious rocks
Explain strip cropping
Farming technique in which different kinds of crops are grown in alternate rows instead of leaving strips of land uncultivated
Useful for cultivation of jute
Alluvial soil
Formed by decomposition of metamorphic rocks
Red soil
40% of land area of India
Alluvial soil
Develops on old crystalline rocks under moderate to heavy rainfall
Red soil
Alkaline in nature and contains high proportion of salts
Desert soil
Wind is main agent of erosion in
Rajasthan
Water is the main agent of erosion
Meghalaya
How is the migration of sand dune from Thar desert checked?
By building shelter belts
