soil

Question 1

A part of the regolith that supports the growth of plants.

Answer 1

soil

Question 2

four components of soil

Answer 2

mineral matter, humus, water or air

Question 3

The layer of rock and mineral fragments that cover most of Earth’s land surface

Answer 3

Regolith

Question 4

are zones or layers of soil.

Answer 4

soil horizon

Question 5

is a vertical section through all the soil horizons.

Answer 5

soil profile

Question 6

The breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on Earth’s surface

Answer 6

weathering

Question 7

refers to the displacement of solids such as water, wind and ice

Answer 7

erosion

Question 8

refers to the decomposition of soils and their minerals and rocks through direct contact with the earth’s athmosphere

Answer 8

weathering

Question 9

splits apart when water seeps into cracks then freezes

Answer 9

frost wedging

Question 10

is the grinding and wearing away of rock surfaces through mechanical action of other rocks and sand particles

Answer 10

Abrasion

Question 11

if soil collects in a crack in bedrock, a seed may fall there and sprout. The roots work their way into the crack, expand, and may eventually widen the crack.

Answer 11

Organic activity

Question 12

minerals dissolve readily in water while others do not.

Answer 12

dissolution

Question 13

occurs when water combines with the substances in rocks to form new types of substances, which are softer than the original rock types

Answer 13

hydrolysis

Question 14

is the reaction of rock minerals with oxygen. Iron rusts when it reacts with water and oxygen.

Answer 14

oxidation

Question 15

The process of rock minerals react when carbon dioxide and water combine forming carbonic acid.

Answer 15

carbonation

Question 16

The process of transporting the weathered material, eventually depositing it in a new location or environment

Answer 16

Erosion

Question 17

occurs when the impact of a raindrop loosens and mobilizes particles.

Answer 17

rain splash

Question 18

is a process where particles loosened by rain-splash erosion are transported by runoff water down the slope of a surface.

Answer 18

sheet erosion

Question 19

occurs when water concentrates during sheet erosion and erodes small rills into the surface that channel flow down the slope Deflation and abrasion are examples of Aeolian (wind) erosion.

Answer 19

rill erosion

Question 20

is the movement or transport of particles through the air or along the ground

Answer 20

deflation

Question 21

is the process that occurs when wind–transported particles sculpt features in the landscape through a “sand-blasting” like process.

Answer 21

Abrasion