Software Dev and Design

Question 1

What is SDLC?

Answer 1

Software Development Life Cycle

Question 2

Name the 6 Steps for SDLC?

Answer 2

1 - Requirements and analysis
2 - Design
3 - Implementation
4 - Testing
5 - Deployment
6 - Maintenance

Question 3

What stage support and bug fixes in SDLC?

Answer 3

6 - Maintenance

Question 4

What stage is coding and development done in SDLC.

Answer 4

3 - Implementation

Question 5

Name three development methods?

Answer 5

Waterfall
Agile
Lean

Question 6

List 7 phases of waterfall method?

Answer 6

○ System requirements
○ Software requirements
○ Analysis
○ Program design
○ Coding
○ Testing
○ Operations

Question 7

What is the different between Waterfall and Agile methods?

Answer 7

Waterfalll is a one way system and and new features have to be incorporated in the next iteration
Agile can run in sprints and providers quicker development

Question 8

List 7 principals of Lean method.

Answer 8

○ Eliminate waste
○ Amplify learning with short sprints
○ Decide late as possible
○ Deliver fast as possible
○ Empower the team
○ Build integrity in
○ Optimise the whole

Question 9

List some waste (7 in total)

Answer 9

□ Partially done work
□ Extra processes
□ Extra features
□ Task switching
□ Waiting
□ Motion
□ Defects

Question 10

Name two design patterns

Answer 10

Observer design pattern

Model-View-Controller (MVC)

Question 11

Benefits of version control (5)

Answer 11

Enables collaboration - multiple can work on the files
Accountability and visibility - know who made what changes
Work in isolation - build new features independently
Safety - changes can be reverted
Work anywhere - files are stored centrally or in a repository

Question 12

Name 3 version control types

Answer 12

Local
Central
Distributed

Question 13

Name 3 stages of GIT

Answer 13

Working Directory
Repository
Staged

Question 14

Name 3 states of GIT

Answer 14

Modified
Staged
Committed

Question 15

Benefits of branching (5)

Answer 15

• Work on a feature independently while still benefitting from a distributed version control system
• Work on multiple features concurrently
• Experiment with code ideas
• Keep production, development, and feature code separately
• Keep the main line of code stable

Question 16

What is fast merge?

Answer 16

Works only when there are no conflicts. Changes are done on different files.

Question 17

Name some principals of clean coding (5 available)

Answer 17

Formatting
Variable names are clean
Functions at the top
Modular
Comments are used

Question 18

List the goals of code review (7)

Answer 18

• Is easy to read
• Is easy to understand
• Following coding best practices
• Uses correct formatting
• Free of bugs
• Has comments and documentation
• Is clean

Question 19

Why should code be reviewed? (4)

Answer 19

• Shares knowledge and best practice
• Author learns from mistakes
• Share knowledge of the code
• Increases quality of code

Question 20

List types of code review processes (4)

Answer 20

Formal
Change based
Over the shoulder
Email pass arround

Question 21

List two categories of testing

Answer 21

Functional

Non-functional

Question 22

Describe unit testing

Answer 22

Tests small pieces of code

Question 23

Name two test frameworks

Answer 23

UnitTest

PyTest

Question 24

What is Test Driven Development?

Answer 24

Creating small bits of code ensures they are fit for purpose and catch bugs locally.

Question 25

List the process of TDD pattern

Answer 25

1. Create a new test (capture requirements the code needs to meet)
2. Run tests to see if any fail for unexpected reasons (and fix the tests)
3. Write app code to pass the new test
4. Run tests to see if any fail (fix the app code)
5. Refractor and improve application code

Question 26

Benefits of TDD (3)

Answer 26

• Makes developers think about requirements
• Clarifies constraints of code
• Mandates highly testable code