Software Design and Development

Question 1

Variable

Answer 1

Used to identify storage locations in memory. Like a memory cell within a program

Question 2

Assigning a Variable a Value

Answer 2

variable=0/(“P”)/[0,2]

Question 3

Adding

Answer 3

+

Question 4

Subtracting

Answer 4

-

Question 5

Multiply

Answer 5

*

Question 6

Divide

Answer 6

/

Question 7

Exponent

Question 8

Modulo

Answer 8

%

Question 9

Concatenation

Answer 9

Joining text strings together to form a new text string

Question 10

Normal Programme Sequence

Answer 10

Input, Process, Output

Question 11

If statements

Answer 11

Used to let a program select an action depending upon the value of variables held in the program

if variable==”Party”:

print (“Yay!”)

Question 12

<

Answer 12

Less than

Question 13

>

Answer 13

More than

Question 14

<=

Answer 14

Less than or equal to

Question 15

>=

Answer 15

More than or equal to

Question 16

==

Answer 16

Equals

Question 17

=!

Answer 17

Not equal to

Question 18

And

Answer 18

Both sides of the operator must be true for the statement to succeed

Question 19

Or

Answer 19

Either side of the operator must be true for the statement to succeed

Question 20

Fixed Loop

Answer 20

The loop repeats a sequence of code a set number of times (for)

Question 21

Conditional Loop

Answer 21

Loop keeps repeating code until a condition is met (while)

Question 22

Pre-Defined Functions

Answer 22

Round

Integer

Random

Question 23

Round Function

Answer 23

Rounds a value to a specific number of decimal places

Question 24

Random Function

Answer 24

Returns a random number between two set values

Question 25

Integer Function

Answer 25

Returns only the integer part of a value

Question 26

Real

Answer 26

Stores numbers that contain decimal places/values

Question 27

Character

Answer 27

Stores a single character which can be a letter, number or symbol ($)

Question 28

String

Answer 28

Stores alphanumeric(numbers and letters) combinations and just text (2k17)

Question 29

Boolean

Answer 29

Stores True or False Only

Question 30

Arrays

Answer 30

Let programmers store items in a list

Question 31

Data Structures

Answer 31

Arrays

Strings

Question 32

Test Data Types

Answer 32

Normal

Extreme

Exceptional

Question 33

Normal Data

Answer 33

Data you would expect to work/be accepted that lies within the range

Question 34

Extreme Data

Answer 34

Data at the lower and upper limits of the range

Question 35

Exceptional Data

Answer 35

Data that should not be accepted by the program

Question 36

Errors

Answer 36

Syntax

Logic

Execution/Run-time

Question 37

Increasing Code Readability

Answer 37

Internal Commentary

Meaningful Variable Names

Indentation

White Space

Question 38

Common Design Notations

Answer 38

Pseudocode

Flow Charts

Structure Chart

Question 39

Pseudocode

Answer 39

Looks like code but does not need to be implemented as strictly

Question 40

Flow Charts

Answer 40

Show what is going on and how data flows around the program

Question 41

Structure Chart

Answer 41

Breaks problem down into smaller sections

Question 42

Algorithm

Answer 42

Step-by-step procedure for solving a problem in a finite number of steps

Question 43

Algorithm Uses

Answer 43

Check data has been entered correctly

Test if a number is even

Calculate a person’s salary

Convert a piece of text from lower case to upper case

Question 44

Everything Stored As

Answer 44

1’s or 0’s (Binary)

Question 45

Floating Point Storage

Answer 45

Number stored as mantissa and exponent

Question 46

Mantissa

Answer 46

All the digits of a number

Question 47

Exponent (FPA)

Answer 47

Used as a multiplier to move mantissa to correct size

Question 48

Storing Text

Answer 48

Every character has a standard binary value which is detailed in the ASCII table

Question 49

Unicode Advantages

Answer 49

Allows for representation of more characters

Question 50

Unicode Disadvantage

Answer 50

Takes up more storage

Question 51

Low-level Languages

Answer 51

Like Machine Code

• Hard to read
• Takes up lots of space on screen
• Difficult to spot errors

Question 52

High-Level Languages

Answer 52

More English Like (Python, Visual Basic)

• Easy to read
• Easy to spot errors

Question 53

Units

Answer 53

• Bit (1 or 0)
• Byte (8 bits)
• Kilobyte (1024 bytes)
• Megabyte (1024 kilobytes)
• Gigabyte (1024 megabyte)
• Terabyte (1024 Gigabyte)

Question 54

Translator Types

Answer 54

Interpreters

Compilers

Question 55

Interpreter

Answer 55

Translates each line before running it. Does one line at a time

Question 56

Interpreter Advantages

Answer 56

Program will run even if it’s not finished

Easy to find errors

Question 57

Interpreter Disadvantages

Answer 57

Code has to be translated each time the program is run

Slows program down

Need to have translator program running

Question 58

Compiler

Answer 58

Translates the whole program and then runs it

Question 59

Compiler Advantages

Answer 59

Program only needs to be translated once

User doesn’t need translator on their computer

Question 60

Compiler Disadvantages

Answer 60

Have to wait until whole program is perfect to run it

Have to re-translate whole program each time you make a change

Question 61

System Bus

Answer 61

Made up of:

• Data Bus
• Address Bus
• Control Bus

Question 62

Address Bus

Answer 62

Carries address information from the processor to the main memory or peripherals

Question 63

Data Bus

Answer 63

Carries data between the processor and the memory or peripherals