Software Design and Development Flashcards
Waterfall Model
Analysis
Design
Implementation
Testing
Documentation
Evaluation
Maintenance
Requirement Specification
a document which clearly states what a program needs to do
Syntax Error
error with spelling or missing letter/symbol
Logic Error
error in code logic such as using AND instead of OR, or < instead of >, the code will still work, but produce unexpected results
Run time error (execution)
error when the code runs that causes a crash, such as dividing by zero or trying to access the 5th item in a 4 item array
Analysis
general description of what the software should do which contains everything the program should do
requirement specification
produces requirement specification
Design
structure diagrams
flowcharts
pseudocode
Implementation
writing the source code
Testing
tests that each part of the program works
normal data, extreme data, exceptional data
Documentation
Analysis - purpose, functional requirements
Design - algorithms, wireframes
Implementation - the code
Testing - test table, screenshots of results
Evaluation
A review of the program and process
Evaluates how well the program meets the requirements
covers: fitness for purpose, efficiency, usability, maintainability, and robustness
Maintenance
Finding and fixing errors
Manual debugging - pen and paper, dry runs, trace tables
Environmental debugging - done on computer, breakpoints, watchpoints, step through
Sequential files
file that is read/written by accessing the file at the start, read from left to right and top to bottom, and finishes at the end
Sequential text files
Files created in notepad
Values read line by line
Values can be stored in variables/arrays
Each line is treated as one string
Sequential CSV
Comma separated values (any character works)
Used for multiple values on a single line
The character used to seperatr values is called a delimiter
Types of scope
Global
Local
Global scope
variable can be seen and changed anywhere in the program
can accidentally be edited
Local scope
Variable can be seen and changed in the sub program it is declared in
Pass by value
sends a copy of the data
if you edit one, the other won’t change
only use if you the data doesn’t need to change
Pass by reference
sends a reference to the original data
effectively passes the memory address
changes made in one place change it all over
requirements specification
purpose
-written in English, should say what the program should do
scope
-list of deliverables and time limits (Design documents, Test plan, Code listing, Completed testing, Evaluation)
boundaries
-assumptions, what should and shouldn’t be in the program
functional requirements
-inputs, processes and outputs
pre defined functions
Sub string (mid): takes a string apart to create a new string(s)
Modulus: returns remainder from division
Floating point to integer
Convert to ASCII and back
standard algorithms
counting occurrences
finding min
finding max
linear search
counting occurrences
Steps:
Set counter to 0
Add 1 to counter when the thing you want to count takes place
finding min
Steps:
Set min to first value in the array
Loop for each value in the array
If the current value in the array is less than min
Then min=current value
finding max
Steps:
Set max to first value in the array
Loop for each value in the array
If the current value in the array is more than max
Then max=current value
linear search
Steps:
Ask user for search term
Loop for each value in the array
If the current value in the array=search term
Then found=true
Wireframe
visual design of a programme
annotation
