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Networking > Software Defined Networks > Flashcards

Software Defined Networks Flashcards

1
Q

SDN

A

Software Defined Network

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2
Q

Goals of Configuring Networks

A

Load Balance, Security, Business Relationships

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3
Q

What cn go wrong during configuration

A

Oscillation, Loops, Partitions, “BlackHoles”

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4
Q

Why is configuration hard?

A

Defining correctness is hard, Interactions between protocols(unpredictability), Operators make mistakes

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5
Q

What does SDN provide operators

A

Network-wide views, Network level objectives, Direct Control

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6
Q

Examples of network wide views in SDN

A

Topology, Traffic

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7
Q

Examples of network level objectives

A

Load balance, Security

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8
Q

Examples of Direct Control

A

Direct Manipulation of data plane

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9
Q

What should routers do to make network operations easier

A

Forward Packets, collect measurement

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10
Q

What is SDN equivalent to

A

“Removing routes from the router”

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11
Q

What is the data plane

A

forward traffic

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12
Q

Routers have state called

A

routing tables

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13
Q

job of control plane

A

compute routing table

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14
Q

where does data and control run on conventional networks

A

on the distributed routers

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15
Q

How is the control and data plane handled in SDN

A

Logically centralized control, Network-wide control

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16
Q

SDN timeline

A

2004 RCP BGP only, 2005 4D (decision, dissmination/discovery, data) 2008, Openflow (cheap switches)

17
Q

Advantages of sdn

A

Coordination, Evolve, Reasoning

18
Q

What does separation of the control plane allow

A

Apply CS techniques to network problems

19
Q

Infrastructure control plane

A

Software program

20
Q

Data plane

A

programmable hardware

21
Q

SDN Applications

A

Data Centers, Backbone networks, Enterprise networks, Internet Exchange Points (IXPs), Home networks

22
Q

Examples of control plane operations

A

Compute a forwarding path that satisfies a high level policy, Compute shortest path routing tree, Authenticate a users device

23
Q

Control Plane functions

A

Logic that controls forwarding behavior. Examples routing protocols configuration for network middle boxes

24
Q

Data plane

A

forward traffic according to control plane logic Examples: forwarding switching

25
Q

Why is separating data and control a good idea

A

Independent evaluation (software and hardware can evolve independently), Control from high level (debug check behavior more easily)

26
Q

Opportunities when separating data and control

A

Data Centers (VM migration) Routing (more control over decision logic) Enterprise network (security) Research (coexist with production)

27
Q

Data center problem SDN solves

A

Provisioning/migration in response to load Solution: program switch state from central database

28
Q

How does SDN help Backbone Security

A

monitor traffic identify attack send to a null route

29
Q

SDN Challenges

A

Scalability (hundreds to thousands of switches) Consistency (Ensuring different replicas see same view) Security/robustness (failure or compromise)

30
Q

Some different SDN controllers

A

NOX, RYU, Floodlight, Pyretic, Frenetic, Procera, Routerflow, Trema

31
Q

What are the two flavors in NOX

A

“classic”: c++/python, “new”: c++ only

32
Q

NOX Protocol

A

openflow

33
Q

How is flow defined in NOX

A

(header: counter, actions) 10-tuple. Actions could be forward, drop, send to controller

34
Q

What is POX

A

python version of nox. it is slow, not used by industry due to speed

35
Q

RYU (pro vs con)

A

python, openflow, openstack (poor performance)

36
Q

Floodlight (pro vs con)

A

Java, good doc, rest app, (hard to learn)

37
Q

Nox (pro vs con)

A

+ High performance (slow debugging/programming)

38
Q

POX distro learning switch example (high level)

A
  1. Update address/port table 2. If multicast flood 3. If no table entry flood 4. If src=dst drop 5. install flow table entry
39
Q

How is caching handled at switch

A
  1. Packet only reaches controller if no flow table entry at the switch 2. when controller decides on action installs in switch 3. Decision/flow table entry is cached

Networking (8 decks)

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