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OCR COMPUTER SCIENCE > SOFTWARE & APPLICATION GEN > Flashcards

SOFTWARE & APPLICATION GEN Flashcards

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1
Q

5 Utility programs and what they do

A 
DISK DEFRAGMENT: move file chunks close together remove unneeded spacing
ANTIVIRUS: detects and removes viruses
Compression like zipping etc
File managers like win explorer
Backup utilities, backs up files
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2
Q

What is an OS and what it do

A

Software that manages computer

It manages programs, hardware, scheduling of code execution and context switching

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3
Q

5 types of operating system

A 
multi tasking
Multi user
Distributed
Embedded
Real time
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4
Q

What is distributed OS

A

Works on multiple PCs

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5
Q

What is embedded OS

A

OS for machine with dedicated job eg ATM, printer etc

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6
Q

What is a real time OS

A

Designed to carry out actions with guaranteed amount of time

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7
Q

What is the kernel

A

Core of OS, does memory management and processor scheduling

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8
Q

What is virtual memory

A

When uses the HDD to store chunks of (pages) of RAM

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9
Q

What is disk thrashing

A

When OS keeps switching ram from hdd and main

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10
Q

4Types of cpu schedulers

A

Round robin
First come first served
Shortest remaining time
Multi level queue

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11
Q

What is round robin

A

Each job is given a fixed amount, if it goes over it gets added to back of queue

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12
Q

What is multi level feedback queue scheduling

A

Split into queues of different queues

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13
Q

What are interrupts and ISR

A

When OS runs a high priority job

ISR is an interrupts service routine which runs, like a fiber registers and stack is saved of current job

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14
Q

What does open source mean (2)

A

Source code is freely available (1)

… for others to example or recompile (1)

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15
Q

Difference between compiler and interpreter (spec, not actually)

A

Interpreter goes through each line and converts to machine code and runs
Compiler compiles all code to machine code

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16
Q

4 stages to compiler

A

Lexical
Syntax
Code gen
Optimising

17
Q

What is lexical analysis do

A

Comments removed, white space removed

Creates symbol table and everything is tokenised

18
Q

What does syntax analysis do

A

Check syntax and produces the abstract syntax tree

19
Q

What is alpha testing

A

Used within company by people who haven’t developed it

20
Q

What is beta testing

A

Users outside company test it

21
Q

What is acceptance testing

A

The user(s) test against the spec

22
Q

5 Types of methodologies

A 
Waterfall
Rapid app dev
Spiral
agile 
Extreme
23
Q

Stages of waterfall

A 
Analysis
Design
CODING
TESTING
MAINTENANCE
24
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of waterfall

A

It’s simple and easy to see if it’s running on schedule

It carries risks, only at testing can the user see the current progress

25
Q

What is rapid application development

A

Deciding requirements, building a prototype, evaluating it and improving it

26
Q

Advantage and disadvantages of RAD

A

constant feedback from client
Not suited where efficiency of code is important
Less suited for large projects

27
Q

What is spiral model

A

Each cycle has a product or prototype

Determine objectives, identify risks, review then develop and test

28
Q

What is agile programming

A

A group of methodologies which are designed deal with constantly changing requirements

29
Q

Example of agile programming

A

Extreme programming

30
Q

What is extreme programming

A

Emphasis of code, often done with pair programming
Doesn’t take long
It’s done in iterations

31
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of extreme programming

A

It’s good code, requirers programmers who work well in a team

32
Q

What is sample rate

A

Hz, samples per second

33
Q

What is bit rate

A

Number of bits per second of sound data

34
Q

What is a distributed operating system

A

An OS across multiple computers for more CPU power

35
Q

Describe the term utility (2)

A

System software (1) which is used for the upkeep of the system (1)

36
Q

Application vs utility (1)

A

Application performs tasks for the user, not system

37
Q

What is the BIOS used for

A

Loading the OS

38
Q

What is the boot loader

A

Program that loads the is kernel to memory

OCR COMPUTER SCIENCE (6 decks)

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