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Computer Science > Software > Flashcards

Software Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a translator

A

A type of software that converts code written in one programming language into another

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2
Q

Is a translator low level or high language language

A

High level language

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3
Q

What is an assmbler

A

It is used to convert assembly language into machine code

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4
Q

What is an interpreter

A

A type of translator that converts a high level language into a low level language. But it checks one line of code and then executes it before checking the next

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5
Q

What is a compiler

A

It is a type of translator that converts a high level language into a low level language. But it checks all code before running the program

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6
Q

Advantages of an interpreter

A

-Translates one line is code into machine code and the runs the program

-Reports a syntax error as soon as it picks it up and program is stopped

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7
Q

Advantages of a compiler

A

-Produces an executable file

-Useful when a program has been finished and is ready for testing or distribution

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8
Q

Types of translators

A

-Assembler
-Interpreter
-Compilers

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9
Q

Two types of programming languages

A

High level language and low level language

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10
Q

What is high level language

A

A type of programming language that uses human like language words

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11
Q

Examples of where high level language is used

A

-Python
-JavaScript
-VB.NET

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12
Q

What is low level language

A

A type of programming language that is closer to the machine’s language such as assembly language or binary code

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13
Q

What is machine code

A

Binary code it is an example of a low level language

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14
Q

What is assembly language

A

Code written is mnemonics that allows direct manipulation of the hardware.

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15
Q

Benefits of high level language

A
  • It is portable and machine independent
    -Easier for users to debug
    -Easier for humans to understand
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16
Q

Benefits of low level language

A

-Can directly manipulate the hardware
-Machine code doesn’t have to be converted making it faster than high level language

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17
Q

What is an interrupt

A

A signal sent to the processor to tell it that something needs its attention

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18
Q

Examples of a software interrupt

A

-Division by 0
-Two processes attempting to access the same memory location

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19
Q

Examples of hardware interrupt

A

-Key pressed on a keyboard (data input)
-Error from hardware

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20
Q

What is interrupt handler

A

A program that organises interrupts into an order based off priorities

21
Q

What is interrupt service routine

A

A program that retrieves an interrupts and performs that required actions.

22
Q

What is a bootloader

A

The first instructions a computer runs that tells it where to find the boot sector on the hard drive. It is stored in the ROM’s firmware

23
Q

What is firmware

A

Programs stored in the ROM and are loaded when the computer starts

24
Q

What is bootstrap

A

The first instructions and commands loaded when a computer is turned on

25
Q

What are some functions of an operating system

A

-Providing an interface
-Managing multitasking
-Managing peripherals
-Managing user accounts

26
Q

Describe ‘Providing an interface’

A

The OS allows the user to enter data and output data to the user. An interface is a method by which a user communicates with a computer

27
Q

Types of interfaces

A

-Graphical User Interface
-Command line interface
-Natural language interface

28
Q

What is a graphical user interface

A

A type of operating system that includes windows, icons, menus and pointers

29
Q

What is a command line interface

A

A type of operating system where the user types commands

30
Q

What is a natural language interface

A

A type of operating system that allows the user to type or speak commands

31
Q

Describe ‘Manage multitasking’

A

A function of an operating system that allows people to use their computers to run several programs at the same time

32
Q

Describe a peripheral

A

A hardware device, used to input, store or output data from a computer, that is not directly part of the computer itself

33
Q

Describe a driver

A

A program that controls a device, for example a printer or a keyboard

34
Q

Describe ‘Managing user accounts’

A

The OS allows a user to set up an account, keeps the data separate for multiple accounts and restricts the access by using a password

35
Q

Define software

A

A series of instructions written in a programming language that performs a function

36
Q

Two types of software

A

-System software
-Application software

37
Q

Define system software

A

A type of software that manages the hardware and software in a computer.

38
Q

Define application software

A

A type of software that allows the user to perform a useful task

39
Q

Examples of application software

A

-Word processor
-Spreadsheet
-Database
-Web browser

40
Q

Define word processor

A

A type of application software that allows the user to create text based
documents

41
Q

Define spreadsheet

A

A type of application software that performs calculations on data

42
Q

Define database

A

A type of application software to store and manipulate data

43
Q

Define web browser

A

A piece of software that retrieves and displays web pages

44
Q

What is Integrated Development Environment

A

A piece of software that allows a user to write, test and run program code

45
Q

Features of an editor

A

-Auto completion
-Auto correction
-Prettyprint

46
Q

Features of IDE

A

-Code editor
-Run-time environment

47
Q

Define code editor

A

A feature of an IDE that allows the user to write and edit programming code

48
Q

Define run time environment

A

A feature of an IDE that allows a program to be run and lets the user interact with the program

Computer Science (2 decks)

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