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Steve(Advanced Materials) > Soft Tissues > Flashcards

Soft Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three primary load bearing connective tissues?

A
  • Tendon
  • Ligament
  • Cartilage
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2
Q

What three basic structures are the three primary tissues composed of?

A
  • Collagen
  • Elastin
  • Proteoglycans
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3
Q

What are the three main fibre arrangements in soft tissue?

A
  • Parallel
  • Crossed
  • felt-like
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4
Q

What do soft tissues exhibit as a result of internal energy losses?

A

Hysteresis

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5
Q

Under constant strain, soft tissues experience:

A

Stress relaxation

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6
Q

Under constant stress, soft tissues experience:

A

Creep

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7
Q

List two functions of a tendon

A
  • Connects muscle to bone

- transmits contracting forces to bone

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8
Q

What protects a tendon in sharp bending areas?

A

Tendon sheath

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9
Q

List three things about tendon structure

A
  • Densely packed collagen fibres
  • Low elastin content
  • Uniaxial fibre orientation
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10
Q

What is the max allowed strain of load bearing tendons?

A

10%

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11
Q

Tendons have one of the _____ tensile strengths of any soft tissue

A

Highest

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12
Q

Tendons experience a _______ hysteresis

A

Small

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13
Q

What soft tissue is this the typical stress-strain graph for?

A

Tendon

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14
Q

List two ligament functions

A
  • Bone to bone connectors

- Stabilise joints

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15
Q

List three points of ligament structure

A
  • Less densely packed collagen fibres
  • Slightly higher elastin content than tendon
  • Flattened cross-section
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16
Q

What are the two ligament insertion types?

A

Direct and indirect

17
Q

What is direct insertion?

A

Ligament fibres cross a mineralisation front and progress to bone

18
Q

What is indirect insertion?

A

Short Collagen fibres anchor obliquely into periosteum

19
Q

Are ligaments more or less strong and stiff than tendons?

A

Less

20
Q

What are two functions of cartilage?

A
  • Maintenance of shape

- Provides low friction surface

21
Q

Briefly describe cartilage structure

A

Dense proteoglycan matrix

22
Q

Do Young’s modulus and strength increase or decrease with depth in cartilage pad?

A

Decrease

23
Q

Why does articulate cartilage have such a low coefficient of friction?

A

Squeeze-film effect

24
Q

What soft tissue does this stress-strain graph correlate to?

A

Articular Cartilage

25
Q

Is the compressive modulus of the meniscus better or worse than articular cartilage?

A

Worse

Steve(Advanced Materials) (21 decks)

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