Soft Tissue Tumors Flashcards
Firm tan papule in leg that is tender when shaved over.
Slow growing small and mobile nodule
Hemosiderin deposits, foamy cells, giant cells
Benign fibrous histiocytoma
Large grey unencapsulated mass in musculature of a proximal extremity that exhibits pleomorphism, bizarre giant cells in storiform pattern
Occurs in adolescence
Aggressive
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
Solid, rapidly growing painful mass with cells that are immature resembling ganglion cells
Nodular fasciitis
Swollen painful area that evolved into a hard well demarcated painless mass in adolescent athlete after trauma
Myosotis ossificans
What are the X-ray findings of myosotis ossification at 3 weeks ?
Patchy flocculent radio densities in the periphery
What is in the 3 zones of myosotis ossificans?
Center - fibroblasts
Intermediate - osteoblasts
Periphery - cancellous bone
Unencapsulated, soft, fish-flesh mass in the retro peritoneum with hemorrhage and necrosis. Has herringbone hits pattern
Fibrosarcoma
What is Dupuytren contracture found in?
The palmar variant of superficial fibromatosis
What is peyronie disease a type of?
Superficial fibromatosis
What arises in the metaphysis of the distal femur/proximal tibia in children over 2 and resolves spontaneously?
Fibrous cortical defect
What shows up as elongated, sharply demarcated radiolucency surrounded by a thin rim of sclerosis?
Fibrous cortical defect
What does a fibrous cortical defect look like?
Grey, yellow, brown tissue of fibroblasts and histiocytoma in pinwheel pattern
At what age do fibrosarcomas occur?
Middle age and elderly
This is a large tan-white hemorrhagic mass that arises in the metaphysis of long bones and pelvic flat bones.
On X-ray it is a permeati e and lyric lesion that extends into adjacent soft tissue
Produces collagen
Herringbone pattern is low grade
Spindle cells in storiform pattern is high grade
Fibrosarcomas
What mutation is in fibrous dysplasia?
Somatic mutation of the gene for G proteins so there is excessive camp and hyperfunctioning cells
Ground glass appearance on X-ray, intramedullary, expand and distort the bone, Chinese character trabeculae, lack osteoblastic rimming
Fibrous dysplasia
70% is monostotic
Shepherd crook deformity
Craniofacial involvement
Diagnoses at earlier age
Intramedullary, chinese characters, disorganized growth plate, cystic degeneration and hemorrhage
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
What is McCune Albright syndrome?
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia with cafe au lait skin pigmentation and endocrinopathies
What is the first sx of McCune Albright syndrome?
Precocious puberty
What are the bone lesions like in McCune Albright syndrome?
They are unilateral with skin pigmentation on the same side
Malignant small blue round cell tumor in medullary cavity in boys younger than 15
Ewing sarcoma
Arise in diaphysis of long bones, Homer Wright rosettes, fever, anemia, increased ESR, leukocytosis, onion skin periosteal reaction
Ewing sarcoma
Large red brown tumor in the metaphysis or epiphysis, multitudes tend giant cells and mononuclear cells that grow in synctium, necrosis, hemorrhage, hemosiderin depo.
X-ray: large, purely lyric and eccentric, erode into subchondral bone plate
Giant cell tumor - osteoclastoma
If bone tumor in adult is from mets, what are the most likely cancers responsible?
Prostate
Breast
Kidney
Lungs
