Soft Tissue TraumaKey Terms-Key Terms

Question 1

Abrasion

Answer 1

Scraping or abrading away of the superficial layers of the skin; an open soft tissue injury

Question 2

Amputation

Answer 2

severance, removal, or detachment, either partial or complete, of the a body part

Question 3

Avulsion

Answer 3

forceful tearing away or separation of body tissue; an avulsion may be partial or complete

Question 4

Chemotactic Factors

Answer 4

Chemicals released by white blood cells that attract more white blood cells to an area of inflammation.

Question 5

Collagen

Answer 5

Tough, strong protein that makes up most of the body’s connective tissue.

Question 6

Compartment syndrome

Answer 6

Muscle ischemia that is caused by rising pressures within an anatomic fascial space.

Question 7

Contusion

Answer 7

Closed wound in which the skin is unbroken, although damage has occurred to the tissue immediately beneath.

Question 8

Crush injury

Answer 8

mechanism of injury in which tissue is locally compressed by high-pressure forces

Question 9

Degloving Injury

Answer 9

avulsion in which the mechanism of injury tears the skin off the underlying muscle, tissue, blood vessels, and bone.

Question 10

Dermis

Answer 10

True skin, also called the corium; it is the layer of tissue producing the epidermis and housing the structures, blood vessels, and nerves normally associated with the skin.

Question 11

Ecchymosis

Answer 11

Blue-black discoloration of the skin due to leakage of blood into the tissues

Question 12

Epidermis

Answer 12

outermost layer of the skin composed of dead or dying cells.

Question 13

Epithelialization

Answer 13

Early stage of wound healing in which epithelial cells migrate over the surface of the wound.

Question 14

Erythema

Answer 14

General reddening of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries

Question 15

Fasciae

Answer 15

a fibrous membrane that covers, supports, and separates muscles and may also unite the skin with underlying tissue.

Question 16

Fibroblasts

Answer 16

Specialized cells that form collagen.

Question 17

Gangrene

Answer 17

Deep-space infection usually caused by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens

Question 18

Granulocytes

Answer 18

White blood cells charged with the primary purpose of neutralizing foreign bacteria.

Question 19

hematoma

Answer 19

collection of blood beneath the skin or trapped within a body compartment

Question 20

hemostasis

Answer 20

the body’s 3 step response to local hemorrhage, comprising a vascular phase that reduces blood flow, a platelet phase in which aggregating platelets form a weak clot, and a coagulation phase that results in the formation of fibrin, creating a strong clot.

Question 21

hyperemia

Answer 21

increased blood flow into and through injured or infected tissue, responsible for the reddish skin color, or erythema, associated with inflammation.

Question 22

impaled object

Answer 22

Foreign body embedded in a wound

Question 23

incision

Answer 23

Very smooth or surgical laceration, frequently caused by a knife, scalpel, razor blade, or piece of glass

Question 24

inflammation

Answer 24

complex process of local cellular and biochemical changes as a consequence of injury or infection; an early stage of healing.

Question 25

integumentary system

Answer 25

Skin, consisting of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers

Question 26

keloid

Answer 26

A formation resulting from overproduction of scar tissue

Question 27

Laceration

Answer 27

An open wound, normally a tear with jagged borders

Question 28

Lumen

Answer 28

Opening, or space, within a needle artery vein or other hallow vessel

Question 29

Lymphangitis

Answer 29

Inflammation of the lymph channels, usually as a result of a distal infection.

Question 30

Lymphocyte

Answer 30

White Blood Cell that specializes in humoral immunity and antibody formation

Question 31

Macrophages

Answer 31

Immune System Cell that has the ability to recognize and ingest foreign pathogens

Question 32

Necrosis

Answer 32

tissue death usually from ischemia

Question 33

Neovascularization

Answer 33

New Growth of capillaries in response to healing

Question 34

Phagocytosis

Answer 34

Process in which a cell surrounds and absorbs a bacterium or other particle

Question 35

Puncture

Answer 35

Specific soft-tissue injury involving a deep, narrow wound to the skin and underlying organs that carries an increased danger of infection

Question 36

Remodeling

Answer 36

Stage in wound healing process in which colagen is broken down and relaid in an orderly fashion

Question 37

Rhabdomyolysis

Answer 37

acute pathological process that involves the destruction of skeletal muscle

Question 38

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 38

Glands within the dermis secreting sebum

Question 39

Sebum

Answer 39

Fatty Secretion of the sebaceous gland that helps keep the skin pliable and waterproof

Question 40

Serous Fluid

Answer 40

a cellular component of blood similar to plasma

Question 41

Skeletal Muscle

Answer 41

contractile tissue organized in large bundles that provide locomotion or movement of the body

Question 42

Subcutaneous Tissue

Answer 42

Body layer beneath the dermis

Question 43

Suderiferous Glands

Answer 43

Glands within the dermis that secrete sweat

Question 44

Tendons

Answer 44

Long, thin, very strong collagen tissues that connect muscles to bones.

Question 45

Tension Lines

Answer 45

Natural patterns in the surface of the skin revealing tensions within

Question 46

Tetanus

Answer 46

A rare wound infection caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Also called Lock Jaw