soft tissue infections Flashcards
what are the classifications of soft tissue infection?
by microbe -bacteria -fungi -virus by anatomy -superficial -deep treatment principles
describe S. aureus
bacteria
gram+ cocci
virulence factor-panton valentine leukocidin toxin
causes angular cheilitis
what can PVL positive S. aureus cause?
necrotising pneumonia
recurrent skin infections
describe S. pyogenes
gram+ cocci
group A strep
virulence factors- superantigens & toxic shock syndrome
causes cellulitis
describe S. anginosus group
gram+ cocci
virulence factor- intermedilysin (cytotoxin) causes lysis of cell
causes abscess
describe clostridium welchii (anaerobes)
virulence factor- alpha toxin (lecithinase)
breaks down cell membranes
causes gas gangrene (clostridial myonecrosis)
describe herpes simplex group
virulence factor-DNA lysis
DNA virus
nuclear capsid surrounded by lipid membrane
describe candida albicans
fungi
virulence factor- phospholipase
what are the 3 main layers of skin?
epidermis
dermis
hair
subcutaneous tissue
what diseases affect the epidermis?
impetigo
angular cheilitis
which disease affects the dermis?
erysipelas
which diseases affect the hair follicles?
folliculitis -staph boils -deep seated infection carbuncles -deep seated infection with multiple heads
which diseases affect the subcutaneous fat?
cellulitis -erythema & swelling odontogenic infection -periorbital tissue -sublingual/submandibular tissues -strep anginosis -mixed microorganism
which disease affects the fascia?
necrotising fasciitis
- fascia around muscle planes
- staph aureus, strep pyogenase, clostridium welchii
which diseases affect the muscle?
myonecrosis, gangrene
which organism causes animal bites to become infectious?
pasteurella multicoda
what are the treatment principles of soft tissue infection?
diagnosis surgical debridement microbiological specimens antibiotics review
how is MRSA treated?
vancomycin
how is MSSA treated?
flucloxacillin
how is S. pyogenes treated?
penicillin
how is S. anginosus treated?
penicillin
how is a localised dental abscess treated?
surgical treatment only
how is a dental abscess with systemic signs and symptoms treated?
penicillin V
(phenoxymethyl penicillin)
review
how is severe odontogenic infection treated?
hospital based treatment to include IV benzyl pen & metronidazole
