Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

Question 1

Maslow’s (Physiologist) Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 1

1. Physiological needs
2. Safety needs
3. Love and belonging
4. esteem
5. self actualization

Question 2

Physiological needs

Answer 2

Air, water, food, shelter, sleep, clothing, reproduction

Question 3

Safety needs

Answer 3

Person, security, employment, resources, health, property

Question 4

Love and belonging

Answer 4

Friendship, intimacy, family, sense of connection

Question 5

Esteem

Answer 5

Respect, self-esteem, status, recognition, strength, freedom

Question 6

Self actualization

Answer 6

Desire to become the most that one can be

Question 7

Order of teachers and student

Answer 7

Socrates is Plato’s teacher. Plato is Aristotle‘s teacher.

Question 8

What did Socrates never do?

Answer 8

He never wrote anything down so we don’t know what he really said and what is Plato’s opinion

Question 9

What did the golden age of Athens function as?

Answer 9

A direct democracy

Question 10

Some functions of a direct democracy

Answer 10

Citizens vote on every issue
Citizens are male
They had to be a certain age
And both parents had to be born in Athens to be a citizen

Question 11

Some Rights during the golden age of Athens

Answer 11

Each citizen is equal before the law
All citizens, regardless of wealth must be allowed to participate in elections/voting
Citizens Pay for public officials, which made it possible for the last affluent to be able to hold office
The assembly, is where all male citizens have the right to speak, and vote on issues on facing the city state

Question 12

How might be obligations of citizenship in Athens, affect the education of its citizens?

Answer 12

Question 13

What Civic skills might Athenian citizens need?

Answer 13

Need to learn analysis
Research
Think on their feet
Discuss, debate, advocate
Ask questions

Question 14

What Where are the Sophists?

Answer 14

They or a professional teachers, who traveled through Greece offering training in speech making, and reasoning to students.

Question 15

Question and answer method of teaching is called…

Answer 15

Socratic dialogue

Question 16

Socrates acted as a …

Answer 16

Teacher that provided instruction in public forums

Question 17

What did Socrates, publicly speak out about?

Answer 17

Democracy this made him be viewed as a mentor of the Thirty Tyrants that overthrew the Athenian government in 405 BCE for a short amount of time

Question 18

What charges did, Socrates, receive when he went to trial?

Answer 18

Refusal to recognize the gods, introducing new divinities, and corrupting the youth of Athens

Question 19

How Many citizens, right to trial, how long does it last, and how many people found him guilty?

Answer 19

There were 500 citizens at the trial, lasted 9-10 hours, and the vote was 280 to 220 that voted.

Question 20

What were the two choices that he was given as punishment and what did he choose?

Answer 20

He could leave Athens and never teach again or he could die. He chose death by hemlock(a weed that is poisonous when ingested)

Question 21

What lesson about governing and government, do you think Plato took from Socrates’ trial?

Answer 21

Question 22

Purpose = ?

Answer 22

Telos

Question 23

Purpose of a human is …?

Answer 23

Learn. Love wisdom
Discover |
Think Philosophy

Question 24

Theory of the forms

Answer 24

Everything (every idea/concept) there exists a perfect form of it.
Life is a shadow of the perfect forms

Question 25

Telos = ?

Answer 25

purpose of a thing

Question 26

Telos of a state is

Answer 26

justice

Question 27

Philosophers spend their lives studying...?

Answer 27

justice

Question 28

unfairness/ injustice leads to

Answer 28

conflict

Question 29

Conflict leads to

Answer 29

Factions

Question 30

Factions lead to

Answer 30

destruction of societies as they compete for power

Question 31

Justice leads to

Answer 31

unity and a healthy stable state

Question 32

The role of a philosopher king is to

Answer 32

create a just or ideal society

Question 33

Trivial decision will be made by

Answer 33

the individual (affect individual)

Question 34

non-trivial decisions with be made by

Answer 34

Philosopher kings (affect the group)

Question 35

Philosophers work to create an

Answer 35

ideal society

Question 36

Plato's ideal society

Answer 36

Philosopher - talent and desire to learn the forms (especially justice) Soldiers - people who most posses courage Workers - producers

Question 37

Children - show talent for philosophy Educated by the philosophers

Answer 37

Most talented kids become PKs

Question 38

Rulers should not love or want

Answer 38

POWER

Question 39

Democracy always ends in

Answer 39

tyranny

Question 40

Democracy -> tyranny

Answer 40

1.Everyone is equal 2. Everyone has an equal right to lead 3. Those who are interested in power will compete for leadership 4. Competing leaders strategy brag/boast Degrading their opponent Promise voters what they want 5. Factions will form around competing leaders 6. Violence In the end a tyrant will emerge

Question 41

Aristotle where is he from?

Answer 41

Not an Athenian -> Macedonia

Question 42

How does Aristotle go to Plato's academy?

Answer 42

Parents die at young age and sent to Plato’s Academy at 17 Will remain there until his 40s

Question 43

When Aristotle leaves Athens where does he go and who does he work for?

Answer 43

He returns to Macedonia where he becomes a tutor/teacher. Working for King Phillip of Macedonia Student is Phillip’s son Alexander Alexander the Great

Question 44

Aristotle lives in the world of...?

Answer 44

the Practical EVIDENCE BASED CONCLUSIONS

Question 45

Aristotle is the father of...?

Answer 45

Political Science

Question 46

Telos of human beings is to live a life of

Answer 46

virtue

Question 47

Virtue is the

Answer 47

golden mean

Question 48

Golden Mean

Answer 48

1. You don't want a lack or deficiency of something 2. You don't want an excess amount of something 3. You want in the middle.

Question 49

Examples of lack or deficiency of something

Answer 49

Cowardice Stinginess Surly

Question 50

examples of an excess amount of something

Answer 50

Reckless Careless Overbearing / overly friendly

Question 51

An example of in the middle

Answer 51

Courage Generosity / charitable Nice

Question 52

To discover the Golden Mean you need

Answer 52

Logos

Question 53

Logos

Answer 53

Only humans can talk and reason Humans telos must be logos Logos -> virtue

Question 54

Telos of a state is to...?

Answer 54

create conditions under which humans can practice logos and get to a life of virtue/ GM

Question 55

Aristotle’s Typology

Answer 55

Question 56

Class faction

Answer 56

Rich are few the poor are many The poor are the problem of democracy. Poor vote is equal to rich vote The poor always outnumber the rich. The poor always get their way When voting the poor will always vote to take from the rich The rich are going to get angry Rich will use their money for violence Rich will suppress the poor and assume power Therefor democracy ends in tyranny

Question 57

We don't live in a democracy, we live in a...?

Answer 57

federalist republic with democratic principles

Question 58

Virtue->

Answer 58

eudaimonia

Question 59

Democracy is the worst because

Answer 59

1. Factions in every society 2. Factions based on social class 3. More poor than rich 4. When voting Poor over rich - Poor vote to take from the rich - Rich will resort to violence 5. Tyrant/ oligarchy will step up to stop the violence 6. All democracies end in tyrannies

Question 60

POLITY

Answer 60

Representative body to govern FROM GOOGLE: political organization a specific form of political organization a politically organized unit : the form or constitution of a politically organized unit : the form of government of a religious denomination