Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle Flashcards
What was the primary focus of Socrates’ philosophy?
Ethics
What were Socrates’ dates?
c.470-399 BCE
Where was Socrates from?
Athens
On what charges was Socrates condemned to death?
Impiety and corrupting the youth
Other than Plato, which of Socrates’ pupils wrote dialogues which contribute to our picture of him?
Xenophon
What were the title and author of the famous satirical play about Socrates?
‘The Clouds’ by Aristophanes
Which handsome statesman claimed to be in love with Socrates?
Alcibiades
Who was the wife of Socrates?
Xantippe
Who was told by the oracle at Delphi that Socrates was the wisest man living?
Chaerephon
Why did Socrates think the oracle at Delphi called him the wisest man living?
Because he knew that he knew nothing
Which famous playwright was a friend of Socrates?
Euripides
What is the ‘Socratic method’ or ‘elenchus’?
Ask an interlocutor for the definition for a concept then demonstrate that this definition is inconsistent with the interlocutor’s other beliefs
What is ‘arete’?
Virtue or excellence
What was virtue a kind of, according to Socrates?
Knowledge
Socrates believed in the ‘unity of the virtues’. What is this?
If a person has one of the virtues, he has all of them
All the early dialogues end in aporia. What is this?
Inconclusiveness, no definition being found
What four virtues did Socrates consider to be most important?
1) Courage
2) Justice
3) Temperance
4) Wisdom
What were Plato’s dates?
c.425-347 BCE
Where was Plato from?
Athens
What is thought to have been Plato’s real name?
Aristocles
In what year was Athens defeated by Sparta?
404 BCE
According to Plato, what is the inevitable result of political turmoil?
A tyrant stepping in to restore order
Which Greek city did Plato advise and influence with his political ideas?
Syracuse (Sicily)
Which important dialogue marks Plato’s move away from concluding in aporia?
The Meno