Sociology: Theories and Institutions

Question 1

Functionalism

Answer 1

this focuses on the function of each component of society and how those components fit together.

Question 2

manifest functions

Answer 2

are deliberate actions that serve to help a given system

Question 3

latent functions

Answer 3

are unexpected, unintended, or unrecognized posititve consequences of manifest functions

Question 4

conflict theory

Answer 4

focuses on how power differentials are created and how these differentials contribute to the maintenance of social order

Question 5

symbolic interactionism

Answer 5

is the study of the ways individuals interact through a shared understanding of words, gestures, and other symbols

Question 6

social constructionism

Answer 6

explores the ways in which individuals and groups make decisions to agree upon a given social reality

Question 7

social institutions

Answer 7

they are well-established social structures that dictate certain patterns of behavior or relationships and are accepted as a fundamental part of culture. Common social institutions include the family, education, religion, government and the economy, and health and medicine

Question 8

what are the four key ethical tenets of american medicine

Answer 8

beneficence: refers to acting in the patients best interest
nonmaleficence: refers to avoiding treatments for which risk is larger than benefit

respect for autonomy: refers to respecting patients’ rights to make decisions about their own healthcare

Justice: refers to treating similar patients similarly and distributing healthcare resources fairly