Sociology Final Exam 2 (ch.3)

Question 1

what is the debate about relative importance of biological traits vs life experiences in shaping who we are?

Answer 1

nature vs nurture

Question 2

What are examples of absence of nurture?

Answer 2

feral children, twin studies

Question 3

what is socialization?

Answer 3

process by which people learn cultural practices of their social group ( learn values, norms, social status, etc.)

Question 4

What is the Cooley looking glass self theory?

Answer 4

sense of self develops from interactions with others, we spend so much time looking in the mirror bc we want to know how we look to others

Question 5

What are 3 elements of the looking glass self theory?

Answer 5

1) imagine how we appear to others
2) interpret others’ reactions to us
3) we develop self-concept

Question 6

What is the first stage of Mead’s stages of self?

Answer 6

preparatory stage when children imitate people around them by using symbols, and role playing

Question 7

what is the second stage of mead’s stages of self?

Answer 7

the play stage where the role of other occurs or learning what its like to be in someone else’s shoes , develop self awareness

Question 8

What is the third stage of Mead’s stages of self

Answer 8

at age 8 or 9, children takes part in organized play, they have to learn rules and equality principles

Question 9

what is the dramaturgical approach?

Answer 9

when people resemble stage performers

Question 10

what is impression management?

Answer 10

altering the presentation of self to satisfy particular audiences

Question 11

what are rites of passage?

Answer 11

means of dramatizing and validating changes in a person’s social status( birth rituals, graduation, retirement)

Question 12

process of socialization in which a person rehearses for future social relationships

Answer 12

anticipatory socialization

Question 13

what is resocialization?

Answer 13

letting go of former behaviors to accept new ones into your life (ex.ex convicts, elderly people retiring)

Question 14

what is a social status?

Answer 14

socially defined positions within a society or social group, reference for roles

Question 15

what is an ascribed status?

Answer 15

status that is assigned or inherited

Question 16

what is an achieved status?

Answer 16

status that is acquired by some effort or activity

Question 17

what is a master status?

Answer 17

status that cuts across or overshadows others in a status set

Question 18

What are social roles?

Answer 18

behavioral expectations of people who occupy a status

Question 19

what is role conflict?

Answer 19

when two or more statuses held in common create incompatible expectations

Question 20

what is role strain?

Answer 20

when the same status imposes conflicting expectations

Question 21

what is role exit?

Answer 21

ending of a role, happens when a status changes

Question 22

what is the primary agent of socialization?

Answer 22

family, schools, peer groups

Question 23

How are children socialized within the family?

Answer 23

socialization begins shortly after birth

Question 24

How are children socialized in schools?

Answer 24

schools teach children values and norms of larger society

Question 25

How are children socialized in peer groups?

Answer 25

exercise social control or peer groups