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Sociology > Sociology Exam 2 Notes > Flashcards

Sociology Exam 2 Notes Flashcards

0
Q

The Purpose of Funeral Rites

A

 Opportunity to receive and express love
 Show respect for the family, friends, and the deceased
 A chance to express the feeling of grief
 Gain emotional support through sharing
 Face to face confrontation with the death to confirm the reality that death has occurred
 Give one the opportunity to give a farewell through use of rituals
 Shows dramatic presentation that life has been lived by the deceased and gives a time to reflect on that life through memories of them
 Helps establish emotional stability through a social support network
 Gives socially accepted climate of mourning. Chance to be sad & cry without being judged
 Meets needs of theologically, psychology, and socially for those who are morning

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1
Q

Responsibilities of the Family:

A

 Obligated to care for other members of the family
 Obligated to teach and maintain discipline
 Obligation to give direction
 Obligation to motivate

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2
Q

Organized, flexible, purposeful, group-centered, time-limited response to the death of an individual that is conducted with reverence, dignity and respect.
• Serve as a social event
• Have quite a purpose in our society regarding the emotional and social needs of the living.

A

Funeral Rites

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3
Q

A funeral rite follows a prescribed ritual or ceremony that is dictated either by religious belief or social customs

A

TRADITIONAL

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4
Q

Types of Funeral Rites

A 
TRADITIONAL
ADAPTIVE
NON-TRADITIONAL
HUMANISTIC
IMMEDIATE DISPOSITION
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5
Q

A funeral rite that is adjusted to the needs and wants of those directly involved; one which has been altered to suit the trends of the times.
Example when movie Snow White came out many of families chose glass caskets for their children to be buried in.

A

ADAPTIVE

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6
Q

A funeral rite that is in essence devoid of religious connotation

A

HUMANISTIC

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7
Q

A funeral rite that deviates from the normal or prescribed circumstances of established customs. Example all participants dressed as cats including deceased

A

NON-TRADITIONAL

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8
Q

Any disposition of human remains which is completely devoid of any form of funeral rite at the time of disposition.

A

Immediate Disposition:

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9
Q

A funeral rite which may be construed as being identifiable with a preliterate (before the written word) society.
Example some ancient ceremonies like American Indian tribes that are personal & secret to be viewed only by the tribal members.

A

Primitive Funeral Rite:

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10
Q

Changes Affecting Funeral Service

A
  • Over the years society has changed and it will most likely continue to change. Some changes have affected the funeral service business.
  • Being aware of what has changed funeral service in the past can help us more accurately predict some changes we might face in the future.

Industrialization:
Urbanization:
Bureaucratization:

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11
Q

the individual crafting of products is replaced by manufacturing of goods utilizing mass production techniques.

A

Industrialization:

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12
Q

Families were forced to look for work outside family unit
Family dependent on outside resources to meet needs
Loss of craftsmanship and alienation of worker from basic skills
Factories produce same goods faster, cheaper and more volume

A

Because of industrialization

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13
Q

The change from rural (country) to urban (city) in character.

A

Urbanization:

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14
Q
  • Family members began to seek jobs outside their family unit they had to go where the jobs were….the city.
  • Families no longer self sufficient & living in an joint family atmosphere
  • Families became fast paced, competitive, city folks with a nuclear family atmosphere.
A

Because of Urbanization:

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15
Q

Creation of a system which govern through departments and subdivisions managed by sets of officials following an inflexible routine.

A

Bureaucratization:

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16
Q
  • Population rose in cities

* New laws, rules, and regulations developed

A

Because of Bureaucratization:

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17
Q

This may determine what options are available for a family. Statistically poor people spend the most on funerals.

A

Economic:

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18
Q

Social Factors which Affect Funeral Rites

A
  1. Economic:
  2. Social Stratification:
  3. Social Class:
  4. Geographical Location:
  5. Education level:
  6. Religion:
  7. Government:
19
Q

Categorization of people by money, prestige and power; a ranking of social status (position) in groups such as upper, middle, and lower class.

A

Social Stratification:

20
Q

Social Stratification Changes:

A
  1. Funeral rite may represent a status symbol
  2. The lower social stratification of Americans tend to experience the highest frequency of death
  3. Statically poor people spend the most on funerals
  4. Terms related to Social Stratification
21
Q

Terms related to Social Stratification

A
  1. Wealth:
  2. Prestige:
  3. Power:
22
Q

an individuals economic assets (income)

A

Wealth:

23
Q

A person’s reputation or influence arising from success, achievement or other favorable attributes

A

Prestige:

24
Q

The ability of an individual or group to implement wishes or policies with or without the cooperation of others.

A

Power:

25
Q

A social grouping in which members possess roughly equivalent culturally valued attributes.

A

Social Class:

26
Q

Social Class Changes:

A 
SOCIAL MOBILITY – the ability to move from place to place readily, or to move from class to
class, either up or down 
THE FOLLOWING EFFECT SOCIAL MOBILITY:
 Parental encouragement 
An effective education 
 Ambition 
Hard work
27
Q

area in which a family lives and will affect the type of funeral rite selected.
For example communities based in areas where logging is extremely common one might find that a wooden casket will be more desired.

A

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

28
Q

tendency of off-spring to move away from the area in which they were born will have an effect on the funeral rite. When parents pass on the children might bring trends of the area in which they currently live

A

NEO-LOCALISM

29
Q

There is a tendency that the higher the education level an individual has the less likely they are to have a traditional funeral. They are more likely to choose cremation instead of earth burial.

A

Education level:

30
Q

A culturally entrenched pattern of behavior made up of:
 Sacred beliefs
 Emotional feelings with that belief
 Overt conduct implementing the beliefs and feelings

A

RELIGION

31
Q

According to sociologist, religion serves several functions including:

A

 Providing social cohesion
 Supporting and maintaining social control
 Promoting social change

32
Q

This has changed the funeral rite by placing more regulations on the funeral process.
For example laws requiring transportation permits, death certificates, etc.

A

GOVERNMENT

33
Q

Recent Changes Affecting Funeral Service

Current changes in Funeral Service:

A
  • Extended life expectancy (longevity):
  • Death in Institutions:
  • Living Situations:
34
Q

Because people are living longer than ever many people do not experience a loss till they are much older. This has reduced the families exposure to death. Many children can make it into adolescence or adulthood with out experiencing a loss.

A

Extended life expectancy (longevity):

35
Q

Placing older members of the family in extended care facilities or retirement homes has become more popular and/or necessary for many families. This removes death from the home and makes it less visible.

A

Death in Institutions:

36
Q

Many Americans have unique living situations and it has caused a change in persons carrying the right and duty of disposition. To the funeral director it is important for the person with the right and duty of disposition be identified. Examples of living situations that can cause confusion are: Same-sex partnerships, cohabitants, and living single population

A

Living Situations:

37
Q

SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN FUNERALIZATION during the 20th Century

A
  1. LOCATION OF FUNERAL RITE AND BODY PREPARATION
  2. CHANGE IN DIRECT INVOLVEMENT OF FAMILY AND FRIENDS
  3. COST OF THE FUNERAL IS NO LONGER FOCUSED ON PRICE OF CASKET
  4. INFLUENCE OF THE AUTOMOBILE
  5. INFLUENCE OF THE AIRPLANE
  6. INFLUENCE OF DISPOSITION
  7. INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZED RELIGION
38
Q

LOCATION OF FUNERAL RITE AND BODY PREPARATION

A

 Increasing presence and utilization of the funeral home

 Years past most funeralization happen at home

39
Q

CHANGE IN DIRECT INVOLVEMENT OF FAMILY AND FRIENDS

A

 More reliance and responsibility on funeral director and staff
 Need for funeral director to have knowledge in the social sciences
 Funeral director must now increase their counseling abilities

40
Q

COST OF THE FUNERAL IS NO LONGER FOCUSED ON PRICE OF CASKET

A

 Now casket represents a smaller portion of the total expense of a funeral
 Affected by FTC and FTC rules requiring itemized funeral bill
 Increase in charges for professional services rendered

41
Q

INFLUENCE OF THE AUTOMOBILE

A

 Selection of the funeral home is no longer influenced as much by the proximity to the family home
 Families are able to travel further for better service
 Burial could occur at a greater distance from home instead of local or family cemeteries

42
Q

INFLUENCE OF THE AIRPLANE

A

 Provide transportation of human remains over long distances in a short period of time
 Facilitates the neo-local family members during time of death

43
Q

INFLUENCE OF DISPOSITION

A 
 Transition from “church yard” cemeteries to “memorial park” cemeteries 
Increases in:
 Cremation 
 Body donation 
 Entombment 
Immediate disposition
44
Q

INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZED RELIGION

A

 Some churches are opening and operating funeral homes

 Some clergy are becoming more active in the arrangement conferences with families

45
Q

INFLUENCE OF IMMIGRATION

A

 Cultural diversity represented by the presence of a growing variety of ethnics and cultureal groups in the United States
 Funeral directors need to be aware of these varying culture and norms.

46
Q

Modern and Future Trends

A
  • Population and death projections
  • Where death will occur
  • Changes in the traditional family unit
  • Religion and clergy
  • Increase in alternative forms of disposition
  • Changes in merchandise and alternative to traditional merchandise
  • Regulatory changes in funeral licensing
  • Better educated consumers
  • Personal recruitment and retention of funeral service personnel
  • Increase in the number of women in funeral service
  • Improved funeral home operating efficiency
  • Computerization and the internet
  • The funeral home as a resource center
  • Acquisition companies
  • Effects of continuing education on funeral service licenses
  • Changes in funeral service education
  • Pre-need services
  • After care services

Sociology (2 decks)

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