Sociology Exam 1

Question 1

Globalization

Answer 1

Ever-increasing flow of goods, services, money, people, technology, info, and other cultural items across national borders

Question 2

glocalization

Answer 2

human activities which include anything people do with, for, and to others

Question 3

sociology

Answer 3

scientific study of human activity in society

Question 4

social forces

Answer 4

anything humans create that influences or pressures people to behave, respond, or think in certain ways

Question 5

Types of Human Society: Example of Social Facts

Answer 5

1. Hunting and Gathering- mechanical and muscle power
   2, Horticultural- mechanical; muscle. animal, and machine
2. Agricultural- mechanical: some organic; muscle and animal
3. Industrial- organic; machine and muscle
4. Post- industrial: organic; Brain

Question 6

economic surplus

Answer 6

enough wealth to allow 51% of a population to survive

Question 7

What’s the point of sociology?

Answer 7

seeks to examine how forces outside organism impact behavior

Question 8

social structure

Answer 8

any characteristic of social surplus

Question 9

What are social facts?

Answer 9

social facts are norms

Question 10

What are norms?

Answer 10

the expected way to act or behave in a society

Question 11

What is a norm attached to?

Answer 11

every norm is attached to a social situation or “script”

Question 12

instincts

Answer 12

genetically encoded survival situation

Question 13

What’s Erving Goffman’s thesis on social groups?

Answer 13

Since we humans don’t have instincts, we are completely dependent on social groups(family, friends, church, coworkers, etc)

Question 14

solidarity

Answer 14

system of social ties that connects people to one another an to the wider society

Question 15

What did Emile Durkheim try to find?

Answer 15

Durkheim tried to find social order.

Question 16

homogeneity

Answer 16

similarity of a society is the most important

Question 17

examples of homogeneity

Answer 17

emotional intensity 
mechanical solidarity
common identity 
"we" is a stronger bond than "I"
leads to: Patriotism, Nationalism
prejudice

Question 18

heterogeneity

Answer 18

variety in society

Question 19

heterogeneity

Answer 19

different life experiences

not some much “we”, but “I”

Question 20

theory

Answer 20

many hypotheses with a lot of evidence behind it

Question 21

What’s the point of a theory?

Answer 21

A theory tells what is important about the hypotheses.

Question 22

Why is research important?

Answer 22

Research hive evidence or disconfirm a theory.

Question 23

What is Conflict Theory?

Answer 23

States that the basic fact of human existence is scarcity.

Question 24

Function

Answer 24

The contribution a part of a society makes to an existing social order.

Question 25

Social Order

Answer 25

the way people have organized interaction and other activities to achieve some valued goal

Question 26

Manifest functions

Answer 26

intended or anticipated effects that a part has on the existing social order

Question 27

Latent functions

Answer 27

unintended or unanticipated effects that a part has on the existing order

Question 28

dysfunction

Answer 28

disruptive consequences of a part to the existing social order or some segment with that social order

Question 29

manifest dysfunction

Answer 29

a part’s anticipated disruptions to an existing social order

Question 30

latent dysfunciton

Answer 30

unintended, unanticipated disruptions to an existing social order

Question 31

Macro Analysis

Answer 31

looks at large chunks of society

Question 32

Micro Analysis

Answer 32

face to face; research with few to 1 person

Question 33

Mechanical Solidarity

Answer 33

social integration of members of a society who have common values and beliefs

Question 34

Organic Solidarity

Answer 34

social unity based on a division of labor that results in people depending on each other