Sociology Exam 1

Question 1

What is Sociology?

Answer 1

the science of society

Question 2

Sociological Imagination

Answer 2

Being able to understand how troubles and
issues are connected, we can
better understand how BIG societal social
issues can affect us on an individual level.

Question 3

Social Institutions

Answer 3

established and organized systems of social behavior with a particular and recognized purpose

Question 4

Private Troubles

Answer 4

problems specific to an individual

Question 5

Public Issues

Answer 5

affect large numbers of people and are a result of how our society is organized

Question 6

Looking Glass Self

Answer 6

How we understand ourselves is often
shaped by how other people see us;
“How we think we appear to
others”, “
How we think others judge us”,
“How the first two make us feel”

Question 7

Christopher Knight

Answer 7

shows us that without any
societal looking glasses to reflect us, we can
lose a sense of self-concept.

Question 8

I & Me

Answer 8

the self is a product of this relationship
between I & Me.
* The “I” – “A running current of awareness,” an observer of the me, always watching, planning, and considering”; Monitors behaviors
* The “Me” – The self as object.

Question 9

Culture

Answer 9

A complex system of meaning and
behavior that defines the way of life for a
given group or society

Question 10

Ethnocentrism

Answer 10

only seeing things from the point of view
of our own culture (Like Nacirema)

Question 11

Culture as taken for granted

Answer 11

nacirema helps us look at our own culture from the outside and really shows us what we take for granted

Question 12

Nacirema article

Answer 12

example of ethnocentrism; how other see America basically

Question 13

Counter culture

Answer 13

Subcultures that react to and defy norms and values of the
dominant group

Question 14

Quantitative analysis

Answer 14

numerical analysis, reduces data to numbers.
Often involves statistical analysis

Question 15

Survey advantages and disadvantages

Answer 15

Advantages: Disadvantages:
Accessible No personalized follow-up questions
Design flexibility
Honest responses (due to anonymity)
Simple data analysis

Question 16

Experiment

Answer 16

a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact

Question 17

Field work/observation

Answer 17

detailed observation and note taking to
better understand a particular group or phenomenon.

Question 18

Variables

Answer 18

We also often see clearly identified variables (something
we measure about a person or group) in deductive
research.
* Independent variables are the variables that “cause”
* Dependent variables are the ones affected by the
independent variable.

Question 19

Groups

Answer 19

In-Groups – Are groups that you are a part of
* Out-Groups – Are groups that you are not a part of.

Question 20

Attribution Error

Answer 20

Our ideas about the personalities of people in a
group, depends on whether we are
part of the group or not—which leads to us
inaccurately evaluating groups.
When someone in an out-group does something deviant – it is because something is wrong with them, When someone in an in-group does the same thing – it was because of the situation

Question 21

Blood Quantum Rule

Answer 21

A law limiting legal recognition of American
Indians to those who have at least a certain level of indigenous
ancestry.

Question 22

Gender

Answer 22

socially learned expectations, identities, and behaviors

Question 23

Sex

Answer 23

We often just use the labels male and female to describe (gender assigned at birth)

Question 24

Stereotypes

Answer 24

Clusters of ideas attached by social
convention to people with specific social identities.

Question 25

qualitative analysis

Answer 25

more about interpretation, nuance, and detail.