Sociology Chapter 6

Question 1

A group, where is no regularity to their interaction

Answer 1

Aggregate

Question 2

People with similar characteristics

Answer 2

Category

Question 3

A group who interact in a manner, defined by a common purpose.

Answer 3

Social Group

Question 4

Expressive Relationship vs. Instrumental Relationship

Answer 4

Expressive = Relationship with deep emotional significance

Instrumental = Relationship designed to achieve significant goals.

Question 5

Ingroup vs Outgroup

Answer 5

Ingroup = Person identifies with this group

Outgroup = Person does not identify with this group

Question 6

Material or symbolic devices that identify who is inside or outside a group.

Answer 6

Social Boundaries

Question 7

Relative Gratification vs. Relative Deprivation

Answer 7

When compared to status of those of lower social standing…

Gratification = Satisfaction

Deprivation = Dissatisfaction

Question 8

Dyads vs. Triads

Answer 8

Dyad = Group consisting of two people

Triad = Group consisting of three people

Question 9

Reduction in efforts or assistance to the group

Answer 9

Social Loafing

Question 10

When one individual directs group interaction more than other members.

Answer 10

Leadership

Question 11

Authoritarian vs. Democratic vs. Laissez Faire

Answer 11

Auth. = Leaders give orders, with minimal input from followers

Dem = Does not force ideals

LF = Decisions left up to the group, with no direction

Question 12

Individuals must conform to the group’s opinions and expectations.

Answer 12

Conformity

Question 13

Primary vs. Secondary Group

Answer 13

Primary = Together because they value one another

Secondary = Together because they try to accomplish a goal

Question 14

People take greater risks in groups than they would when alone

Answer 14

Risky Shift

Question 15

3 Types of Organizations;

Answer 15

Normative/Voluntary organizations

Utilitarian organizations

Coercive organizations

Question 16

A large organization that uses rules and a rational world view to achieve goals.

Answer 16

Bureaucracy

Question 17

The development of alternative statuses, beliefs, norms, practices and goals by employees

Answer 17

Informal Structure

Question 18

Workers may conform to the rules to the extent they become more important than organizational goals.

Answer 18

Bureaucratic ritualism

Question 19

Dysfunctions of Bureaucracy

Answer 19

Bureaucratic Ritualisim
Trained Incapacity
Parkinson’s Law
Peter Principle

Question 20

All organizations are run by people, their action is to help the organization function properly.

Answer 20

Symbolic Interactionalism