SOCIOLOGY AND ANTHROP Flashcards
language, customs, belies, rules, arts, knowledge, and collective identities and memories developed by members of all social groups that make their social environments meaningful
Culture
Institutional patterns of normative culture
Structure
The features of a social entity (a society or group within society) that persist overtime, are interrelated, and influence both the functioning of the entity as whole and the activities of its individual members.
Structure
Stable patters of behavior that define, govern, and constrain action.
Institutions
Rule or standard of behavior shared by members of a social group.
Social Norms
Norms may be internalized, or they may be enforced by positive or negative sanctions.
Social Norms
Arbitrary rules governing the countless behaviors that individuals engage in everyday without necessarily thinking about said acts deliberatively.
Conventions
Set of rules that has strong cultural significance and enforcement which expresses the group sense of what is fitting, right, and conducive
Mores
Considered indispensable, and violations incur social punishment and peer disapproval.
Mores
Uniformities in the behavior of group which develop relatively spontaneously and even unconsciously in adapting to common life conditions and which become established through repetition and general occurrence.
Folkways
Formal mean of social control.
Laws
Generally recorded, codified, and enforced by a governing authority or body for the protection of life, property and iberty
Laws
Actions or behaviors that violate informal social norms or formally-enacted rules
Deviance
The violation of legal codes. Results in criminal action initiated by the state
Formal Deviance
The violation of unwritten, social rules of behavior, and results in social sanction, or stigma.
Informal Deviance
Lesser degrees of social violation results in preference rather than stigmatization
Informal Deviance
Centers upon objects, properties, and the materials that they are made of, and the ways in which these material facets are central to an understanding of culture and social relations.
Material Culture
Ponderable objects created by humans
Material Culture
A system of conventional spoken, manual, or written symbols by means of which human beings, as members of a social group and participants in its culture, express themselves.
Language
Functions of language
communication expression of identity play imaginative expression emotional release
Guiding principles of human civilizations that are so central to human identity that can be found around the world
Cultural Universal
Refers to two or more different forms of behavior, which co-exist and are socially acceptable in a given context.
Cultural Alternative
Process of deliberately shaping, by way of tutelage, of the individual for the development of behavioral similarities within a culture
Socialization
An encompassing or surrounding of the individual by one’s culture. Acquires it by immersion, what the culture deems to be necessary
Enculturation
