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Sociological Theory > Sociology > Flashcards

Sociology Flashcards

1
Q

“Sociology does not have an Einstein or a Newton yet”

A
  • Society is a relatively young science discipline. 1838
  • Several aspects are interlinked
  • There is not universal law or ground theory that cover all societies or phenomenons
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2
Q

Sociological perspectives

A

Different ways to try to understand social work.

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3
Q

Sociology

A

Made up of a number of separate but more or less interlinked approaches and perspectives.

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4
Q

Perspectives in sociology

A

1) Structural-functionalism
2) Conflict theories
3) Symbolic interactionism
4) Social exchange theories
5) Ethnomethodology

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5
Q

Define and studies the nature and characteristics of the real.

A

Ontology

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6
Q

One fundamental real of existence

A

Monism

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7
Q

Two fundamental real of existences

A

Dualism

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8
Q

Many fundamental realms of existence

A

Pluralism

Ontology

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9
Q

The doctrine that all of existence is reducible to thought. It emphasizes soul, spirit, or mind as the fundamental reality of the universe.

A

IDEALISM

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10
Q

Explain Structural Functionalism

5 theorists

A

Society is a system; the system is made up -interconnected
- interdependent
- interrelated
Balance have to be kept of the part work equal

Each part have a specific function or instruction.

      - COMTE            - PARSONS 
      - SPENCE           - MERTON 
      - DURKHEIM

               (Human Body function)
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11
Q

Brief explain Conflict theory

3 theorists

A

These have two cases
HAVE and HAVE NOT
have means production as money.

This system is where the rich get riche and production, and the poor get poorly by exploitation and oppression.

         - MARX
         - ENGELS 
         - MILLS
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12
Q

SOCIAL EXCHANGE

Who advocated them ?

A

PROFIT = REWARD - COST

Human are rational beings

We need to get a profit when we put a reward. If we put but we never get something back, the that situación we will put a lot cost.

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13
Q

Symbolic Interaction

Where was born ??

A

Society is made up people in interaction. As language is very important in society.
SYMBOLS - SIGNS
Thomas
When we defined a situation that turn as real.
That means that if we defined a situación, we are putting a real consequence come from.

USA
-Thomas -Cooley-Mead

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14
Q

What is a symbol ??

How do humans differ from animal ?

A

Symbols have many means. Depend in which mean each person get from them.

Animals react for instant. And human define first the situation then they react.

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15
Q

Ethnomethodology

3 theorists
Where born ?

A

People use to create social reality (what have in common)

Patter that people we follow every day, when something change could be because something happen

  • Gafiukel
  • Sacks
  • Circounel

Born in USA

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16
Q

The doctrine that all of existence is reducible to matter or matter in motion or energy. It tend to hold that only sensible entities, processes, or content are real. IT TEND to argue that experiences is the foundation of knowledge (naturalism)

A

Materialism

17
Q

The doctrine that reality exists in spatially separate particles, elements, or units.

A

Atomism

18
Q

The doctrine that reality consists of connected, interconnected, interdependent parts, units, or WHOLE

As whole

A

Holism

19
Q

The concept, category or logical universal simply represents a composite summation of the characteristics or properties of the particular. Reality is in particulars.

A

Nominalism

20
Q

The concept, category or logical universal simply represents something different from and organizes the properties or characteristics of the particular
The whole have more characteristics then separate.

A

Realism

21
Q

The doctrine that the universe is the result of non-nature powers.

God punish you because you are a bad person

A

Supernaturalism

22
Q

The doctrine that the universe is self-existent, self-explanatory, and self-directing.

If you have headache take medicine

A

Naturalism

23
Q

The doctrine that events or things in the universe are not conditioned by others events or things.

“It is just happen”

A

Inderterminism

24
Q

The doctrine that all events or things are the result of other events or things.

“Skin care” -use fancy creams
- have good DNA(good genes)

A

Determinism

25
Q

Sources of reality and organization of that knowledge.

A

Epistemology

¿How do you know?

My experience

26
Q

The doctrine that the sources of knowledge is real, a priori ideas ( innate idea, obtain knowledge through reflection, speculation)

A

Reason and rationality

Epistemology

27
Q

The doctrine that the sources of knowledge is experience through the means of sensation, a posteriori knowledge (direct observation, induction)

A

Experiences and empiricism

Epistemology

It’s cloudy. How do you know? Because I was outside

28
Q

Organizes all knowledge into a whole (of what can be positive-ly know= observable objects of experience)

A system of philosophy devised by Aguste Comte.

A

Positivism

Epistemology

29
Q

All differences can be reduced to a unity, ( mono )

Químical problem.

A

Reductionistically

Headache because she don’t drink water

30
Q

It tends to see several levels of reality, each of which is important in itself.

A

Emergentistically

Bad manager, bad situation, stress , etc
Psychology problem

31
Q

The logical derivation of a conclusion from one or more general propositions or premises
I.e from the general to the particular

A

Deduction

Methodology

How different cultures say “hello”

32
Q

Antecedent- sequent relationship

Cause-effect

A

Causation

33
Q

Establishes the unlikelihood of change association between two phenomena.

Single mother tend to be poor.

A

Correlation

34
Q

Sociological

A

Associated with the study of inter- and/or multi- personal relation, activity, group or groups.

Psychology-person mind
Sociology- group of people

35
Q

The procedure by which a single proposition is derived from the observation of particular cases

A

Induction

36
Q

Sociological theory deals with :

A
  • the problem of organs
  • the problem of structure presented
  • the problem of change
37
Q

Theory as Explanation

A

Sociology is a part of the natural (naturwissenschaften) or or biophysical sciences.

38
Q

Theory as Interpretation

A

Sociology as a part of the human (Kulturwissenschaften) cultural o mental sciences or (Geisteswissenschaften) disciplines.

Sociological Theory (1 decks)

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