Sociology Flashcards
Sociology
- society (a group)
- broader
Psychology
- Single individual
- unique situation
Suicide
- every 17 min. In the United States
Anomie
- Opposite of social cohesion
- loss of shared values among members of a society.
Macro
Bigger group
Micro
Smaller group
Norms
- how to behave in particular situations and places
- some rules are serious, others aren’t
- established rules/behavior of conduct
Folkways (not so serious norms)
- everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences
Ex: deodorant, holding doors.
Mores
- strongly held norms w/ moral and ethical connotations that may not be violated without serious consequences
Laws
standardized norms that been enacted by legislators
Ethnocentrism
Assumption that one’s culture is superior than another
Cultural relativism
Views and analyzes another culture in terms of that cultures own values and standards.
Structural functionalism
What holds society together
Conflict theory
Conflict and competition between people and groups attempting to advance their own interest.
Symbolic interaction
Micro sociology: studies people interacting with one another and the meaning attached to these interactions.
Culture shock
Anxiety people experience when they encounter cultured radically different from their own
Culture lag
gap between the technical development of a society and its values and beliefs
Material vs non material
- physical / tangible creations. Members of a society make, use, and share
- abstract/ tangible human creations (attitudes, beliefs, values) that influence people’s behavior
Subculture
Groups that are perceived to deviate from the normative standards of the dominant culture.
Countercultures
- Beatniks of the 1950’s
- Hippies of the 1960’s
Herbert Spencer
- evolutionary perspective on social order and social change
- Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism
- Social classes explained by biological factors
- then best adapted to successful competition within the environment prosper
- poorly adapted the poor
August Comte
- founder of sociology
- positivism: world is best understood through scientific inquiry
Bias-free, objective knowledge was attainable through science
Emilie Durkheim
- structural functionalism: share similar morals/beliefs
- suicide: cohesiveness in society
- anomie: loss of dusted value in a society
- the role of religion
