Sociology 101 Exam

Question 0

Ethnography

Answer 0

Is a detailed study of life and activities of a group of researchers who may live with a group of people over a period of time

Question 1

Field research

Answer 1

Study of social life in its natural setting

Question 2

Goal of sociology

Answer 2

To understand the connections btwn what society makes of us and what we make of ourselves

Question 3

Social structure

Answer 3

We structure society and society structures us

Social structures are dynamic

Question 4

Structuration

Answer 4

Constantly being affected by human action

Question 5

Levels of Analysis: Mircosociology

Answer 5

Study of everyday, face to face interaction.

Symbolic interactionalists study @ this level

Question 6

Levels of Analysis: Macrosociology

Answer 6

Analysis of large scale social systems and institutions

-Functionalists and Marxists fall under this level.

Question 7

Auguste Conte

Answer 7

• Gave sociology his name
• Believed in creating a science of the social world
• saw sociology as “the last science”

Question 8

Emile Durkheim

Answer 8

• studied social facts= any way of acting, whether fixed or not, capable of exerting over the individual an external constraint
• saw society as a body that needed all parts to function

Question 9

Karl Marx

Answer 9

• looked @ economy to explain social change
• developed materialist conception of history
• focused on capitalism and class system
• capitalists class will fall and new classless society will emerge

Question 10

Max Weber

Answer 10

• power in ideas and values

- Christianity played a role in development of capitalism

Question 11

Symbolic Interaction

Answer 11

-all social interaction involves exchange of info via symbols
Ex. Language, non-verbal, conveyed by setting

-key figures: Herbert Blumer and George H. Mead

Question 12

Functionalism

Answer 12

• derived from Comte and Durkheim
• emphasizes large-scale social institutions and processes
• focuses on understanding role or contribution of something to the workings of society as a whole

Question 13

Marxism

Answer 13

• derived from Marx
• regards concerns about power, conflict, and ideology
• commonly applied to capitalism and economic systems

Question 14

Stages of Cognitive Development: Sensorimotor

Answer 14

(Birth to 2 yrs): exploring environment

Question 15

Stages of Cognitive Development: preoperational

Answer 15

(2-7yrs) egocentric

Question 16

Stages of Cognitive Development: concrete operational

Answer 16

(7-11yrs) basic abstraction

Question 17

Stages of Cognitive Development: formal operational

Answer 17

(12-adult) further abstraction and hypothetical reasoning

Question 18

Lareau: methods of raising children: concerted cultivation

Answer 18

• involved in child’s life
• middle to upper class
• allows children to express thoughts, opinion, reasoning

Question 19

Lareau: methods of raising children: natural growth

Answer 19

• basic raising of children
• working class
• discipline is not a conversation, obedience is expected

Question 20

Lareau: methods of raising children: slow parenting

Answer 20

(-Simplicity parenting) a parenting style in which few activities are organized for children

• poor working class
• allowed explore world @ own pace

Question 21

Jane Shibley Hyde

Answer 21

Notes patterns in genered language

• male as normative/ female as expectation
• parallel words
• infantilization of women
• allowing language to devalue women

Question 22

Patriarchy

Answer 22

Societies where men are dominant

Question 23

Social construct

Answer 23

Something that is “made” or “constructed” by society

Question 24

Erving Goffman

Answer 24

Developed Mircosociology | - small aspects of social life matter

Question 25

Dramaturgical perspective

Answer 25

Look at all parts of human interaction

Question 26

Impression of Management

Answer 26

To attempt to actively control the way others perceive you

Question 27

Regions of impression formation: front stage

Answer 27

Place where we present ourselves to others

Question 28

Regions of impression formation: backstage

Answer 28

Where we relax our impression management and practice our performances

Question 29

Goffmans "Face Work"

Answer 29

When giving off failed desired impression, ppl attempt to repair bad impression - avoidance - interchange - aligning action= actions to restore identity

Question 30

Debunking motif

Answer 30

Peter L. Berger | Things are not what they seem

Question 31

C.Wright Mills

Answer 31

Coined phrase= sociological imagination | -personal struggles affect social structures