Sociologists

Question 1

Canalisation and Manipulation theory:
Gender socialisation where boys and girls are raised stereotypically I.e: blue, cars, DIY vs pink, dolls, cleaning and cooking toys

Answer 1

Ann Oakley (Feminist)

Question 2

Primary schools located in ‘super diverse’ areas are most likely to facilitate relationships between children and adults from different social class and ethnic backgrounds

Answer 2

Vertovec (2007)

Question 3

Four functions of the family are 
Reproduction 
Socialisation 
Stable satisfaction of adult personality 
Emotional and financial stability

Answer 3

Murdoch (Functionalist)

Question 4

Functionalist Fit Theory
Pre Industrialisation = Extended family because they lived and worked together in the country

Modern Society = nuclear family to move with the jobs into the city

Answer 4

Parsons (functionalist)

Question 5

‘The Father of Sociology’

Division of labour: everyone has a key role to play in society, shared values

Answer 5

Durkheim

Question 6

Role allocation:

In order for society to run effectively everyone has to be given specific roles best suited to their strengths

Answer 6

Davis and Moore

Question 7

Ideological State Apparatuses
Where a social institution can control our beliefs and normalise certain values/behaviour
- the family and education= used to promote hierarchy and obedience
- media= manipulates what we see and believe

Answer 7

Althusser (Marxist)

Question 8

False Class consciousness

The exploitation of the working class by the ruling class through convincing them the capitalist system is just and fair. They then believe their lives aren’t inferior or worse off which prevents them from trying to do against the system.

Answer 8

Engels (Marxist)

Question 9

The Lads study 70s
Found that these boys didn’t try in school and instead accepted their futures as having low paid w/c jobs- more focus on impressing girls and mates and ‘having a laugh’

Answer 9

Paul Willis (Marxist)

Question 10

Family and households:
Although large scale surveys claim that men and women do an equal amount of housework, it is likely that this is over exaggerated.

Also, we need to look at who is responsible for tasks, not just who does then e.g: whilst men do help out with childcare, it is largely thought of as a ‘woman’s responsibility’

Answer 10

Mary Boulton (feminist)

Question 11

1960s: Research found that more men are taking a greater share of domestic tasks and more wives are becoming wage earners

Answer 11

Young and Willmott

Question 12

Distinguished between 2 types of conjugal roles
Segregated: clear division between male and female roles

Joint: roles played by both

Answer 12

Elizabeth Bott (feminist)