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MCAT PSYCHOLOGY/SOCIOLOGY > SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES > Flashcards

SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES Flashcards

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1
Q

SOCIETY

A

GROUP OF PPL WHO SHARE A CULTURE AND LIVE/INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER WITHIN A DEFINABLE AREA

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2
Q

FUNCTIONALISM

A
  • MACRO
  • SOCIETY IS A LIVING ORGANISM WITH MANY DIFFERENT INTERDEPENDENT PARTS EACH WITH A NECESSARY PURPOSE
  • HERBERT SPENCER
  • DURKHEIM: DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM, COMMON CONSCIOUSNESS, ANOMIE
  • MANIFEST/LATENT FUNCTIONS
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3
Q

FOUNDERS OF SOCIOLOGY

A

DURKHEIM, MARX, WEBER

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4
Q

COMMON CONSCIOUSNESS

A
  • DURKHEIM

- HOW PPL OF A SHARED CULTURE COME TO THINK IN THE SAME MANNER

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5
Q

CONFLICT THEORY

A
  • SOCIETY IS IN COMPETITION FOR LIMITED RESOURCES
  • CONCERNED WITH IMBALANCES IN WEALTH, POWER, AND PRESTIGE WHICH CREATES A CLASS STRUGGLE
  • MACRO
  • MARX: CAPITALISM REPLACED WITH SOCIALISM; CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS
  • WEBER: RATIONALIZATION; BUREAUCRACIES; BELIEVED IN IDEAS/BELIEFS HAVING A POWERFUL EFFECT ON SOCIETY (SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM)
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6
Q

CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS

A
  • MEMBERS OF SUBORDINATE CLASS, AS A GROUP, KNOW THEY ARE BEING EXPLOITED BY THE WEALTHY
  • MARX
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7
Q

FALSE CONSCIOUSNESS

A

MEMBERS OF SUBORDINATE CLASS SEE THEMSELVES AS INDIVIDUALS RATHER THAN AN EXPLOITED GROUP

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8
Q

RATIONALIZATION

A

SOCIETIES TENDING TO LEAD TOWARDS INCREASING EFFICIENCY AND AWAY FROM TRADITION

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9
Q

SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM

A

-PPL ACT TOWARD THINGS BASED ON MEANING
-MEANINGS DERIVED FROM SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
-MICRO
SYMBOLS, LANGUAGE
-MEAD: THE SELF DEVELOPS IN 3 STAGES (PREPARATORY, PLAY, GAME); ME AND I

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10
Q

ME

A

INDIVIDUALS SOCIAL SELF; OUR INTERPRETATION OF THE GENERALIZED OTHER VIEWS US

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11
Q

I

A

RESPONSE TO SOCIAL SELF; ONES PERSONAL IDENTITY

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12
Q

LOOKING GLASS SELF

A
  • THE SELF IS SHAPED BY OTHERS AND INTERACTIONS WITH OTHERS AND PERCEPTIONS OF OTHERS
  • INDIVIDUALS SHAPE THEMSELVES BASED ON THIS PERCEPTION, TENDING TO CONFIRM EXPECTATIONS
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13
Q

SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONISM

A

REALITY IS SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED; INVENTIONS OF A GIVEN SOCIETY; MICRO/MACRO LEVEL

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14
Q

SOCIALIZATION

A

ONGOING PROCESS BY WHICH AN INDIVID. INTERNALIZES THE VALUES, BELIEFS, AND NORMS OF THEIR SOCIETY AND LEARNS TO FUNCTION AS A MEMBER OF THAT SOCIETY

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15
Q

RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY

A

INDIVIDUALS MAKE DECISIONS BY COMPARING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS; WANT TO MAXIMIZE BENEFITS AND REDUCE THE COSTS; MICRO

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16
Q

SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY

A

INDIVIDUALS RESPOND TO REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTS; WANT TO MAX REWARDS AND REDUCE PUNISHMENTS; MICRO

17
Q

FEMINIST THEORY

A

TREATMENT OF MEN VS WOMEN; MICRO/MACRO

MCAT PSYCHOLOGY/SOCIOLOGY (2 decks)

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