Sociological perspectives

Question 1

Consensus theories

Answer 1

Are perspective who assume that society is primarily harmonious, and social order is maintained through widespread agreement (consensus)

Question 2

Conflict theories

Answer 2

Are perspectives in sociology that emphasize the social, political, or material inequality of a social group

Question 3

Macro

Answer 3

Focuses on a large scale structure of society as a whole

Question 4

Micro

Answer 4

Focuses on small groups or individuals rather than society as a whole

Question 5

Value consensus

Answer 5

The general agreement around the main values and norms of any society

Question 6

Social Solidarity

Answer 6

The integration of people into society through shared values, a common culture, shared understanding and social ties that bind them together

Question 7

Collective conscience

Answer 7

The set of shared beliefs, ideas and moral attitudes which operate as a unifying force within society

Question 8

Organic analogy

Answer 8

The concept that society works in the same way as the human body; interdependently

Question 9

Social institutions

Answer 9

The various organised social arrangement that are found in society eg the family, education

Question 10

Bourgeoisie

Answer 10

This refer to the upper class which consists of those who are the main owners of society’s wealth

Question 11

Proletariat

Answer 11

This refers to the working class which consists of those who work in manual jobs such as factories and labour

Question 12

False class consciousness

Answer 12

Failure of the members of the working class to realise that they are being exploited

Question 13

Exploitation

Answer 13

The action or fact of treating someone unfairly in order to benefit from their work

Question 14

Dominant ideology

Answer 14

A set of ideas and values that represent the dominant group in society

Question 15

Repressive state apparatus

Answer 15

These are INSTITUTIONS within society that suppress and control the w/c through physical force

Question 16

Ideological state apparatus

Answer 16

These are INSTITUTIONS within society that suppress and control the w/c through manipulating and conditioning the way they think

Question 17

Patriarchy

Answer 17

Refers to male dominance with men having power and authority

Question 18

Norms

Answer 18

Social rules which define the correct and acceptable behaviour in society to which people are expected to conform

Question 19

Primary Socialisation

Answer 19

Primary socialisation occurs when a child learns the attitudes, values, and actions appropriate to individuals as members of a particular culture. This is usually completed within the family

Question 20

Secondary Socialisation

Answer 20

Secondary socialisation refers to the process of learning what is the appropriate behaviour as a member of a smaller group within the larger society. This is usually completed throughout education