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higher mods lm > Socio - Economic issues > Flashcards

Socio - Economic issues Flashcards

1
Q

What is the idea of the American Dream?

A

Is the idea that any person in the USA can achieve wealth, success and happiness through hard work and ambition.

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2
Q

If asked to write an essay on socio economic inequalities in your world power, what would the paragraph structure be?

A
  • Income and unemployment
  • Education
  • Health
  • Housing
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3
Q

Which ethnic groups earn less than whites?

A

on average hispanics and blacks earn less than whites

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4
Q

Which ethnic group is seen to earn more than whites?

A

Asians are seen to earn more than whites

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5
Q

Why may it be that hispanics and blacks earn less than whites?

A

They are seen to be stuck in the poverty cycle, where the area they live in prevents them from having access education or high paying jobs.

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6
Q

What is the white flight?

A

White people were the ethnic group who could afford to move from the inner city to the suburbs, taking their much needed cash and taxes and leaving behind other ethnicities.

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7
Q

White people income?

A

57,000

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8
Q

Black income?

A

33,000

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9
Q

Hispanic income?

A

39,000

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10
Q

Asian income?

A

68,000

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11
Q

unemployment rates for whites?

A

6.1%

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12
Q

Black unemployment rates?

A

12.2%

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13
Q

Hispanic unemployment rates?

A

8.6%

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14
Q

Asian unemployment rates?

A

5.4%

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15
Q

What was the government response to Income and unemployment?

A

TANF

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16
Q

What does TANF stand for?

A

Temporary assistance for needy families

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17
Q

What is TANF?

A

Money is given to those who are out of work and have dependent children. The goal is to get the recipient off the welfare payments and back into employments.

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18
Q

What is the maximum single period that someone can claim TANF for?

A

24 months

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19
Q

What is the maximum across and entire lifetime that someone can claim TANF for?

A

60 months

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20
Q

What two laws after the recession were put in place to help people back into work?

A

The JOBS act 2011 and the Recovery act 2009.

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21
Q

What was the success of TANF?

A

From its introduction in 1996 to the recession in 2008, the number of people claiming tanf fell every year. From around 10 million people claiming it in 1997 to around 3 million in 2008. There was arise during the recession years but the number has once again began to fall. This could be evident that tanf is helping millions of families all over america to get back into employment.

22
Q

Failures of TANF?

A

The amount of people claiming tanf in 2014 were not able to buy as much as those who were claiming from the welfare in 1996. TANF has actually increased poverty levels for some families and because it is only temporary and families have to work under the agreements, some have to take jobs which pay poorly, leave them with less money. Some parents have to work 2 to 3 jobs to make ends meet.

23
Q

What is a problem in education in america>

A

Number of ethnic minorities in higher education is far lower as a percentage than whites.
Children from poorer backgrounds and certain ethnic minorities do much worse at school than others.

24
Q

Government responses to education inequalities?

A

affirmative action

soar

25
Q

What is affirmative action

A

Beginning in the 1960s with president kennedy, positive steps would be taken to actively encourage underrepresented groups into universities, in particular blacks and hispanics. To this day universities have targets and quotas for a minimum number of ethnic students in many of the courses. Many states who do not continue to have quotas do have other things in place to ensure that the brightest students can access university.

26
Q

Which state as an example no longer has the affirmative action plan?

A

Texas no longer has an affirmative action plan but it is replaces this with a percentage plan that guarentees the top 10% of high school graduates a spot in any state university in Texas. California and Florida have similar programs.

27
Q

What does SOAR stand for?

A

Scholarships for opportunity and results

28
Q

What does soar provide?

A

Provides scholarships to children from underprivileged backgrounds to attend private schools.

29
Q

Success of Affirmative action?

A

Affirmative action programs have resulted in doubling or tripling the number of minority applications to colleges or universities, and have made colleges and universities more representative of their surrounding community.

30
Q

What do statistics show about california after they abolished its affirmative action?

A

The minority student admissions at UC Berkeley fell 61% and minority admissions as UCLA fell by 36%. This led them to introduce the percentage system ( like texas) suggesting that affirmative action was a success after all and should have been stuck too.

31
Q

What do graduates say that received affirmative action?

A

They received better jobs, earned more money, and are ultimately living better lives because of the opportunity that they received.

32
Q

Success of SOAR?

A

in 2010, a controlled study of the effects of the scholarship vouchers found that 91% of students who used the voucher s graduated from high school, compared to only 70% of those from similar backgrounds who didnt receive the voucher. Students who received the vouchers were 25% more likely to enroll in college.

33
Q

Limitations to affirmative action?

A

Some argue that the affirmative action policy is outdated, however and causes a form of reverse disrimination by favoring one group over another based on racial preference rather than academic achievement. There is also a fear that minority groups may be stigmatised and treated differently by peer and professors who may believe that the success pf minority groups in higher education institutions is unearned.

34
Q

Who is the american health care system ran by?

A

It is ran by private companies on a system of private health care insurance, unlike the UK which is a tax payer funded system free to those in need of service. For those who are able to afford the care argue that the system is efficient and fare.

35
Q

What is the health inqualities?

A

The problem is that many americans are unable to afford health insurance. Due to their low social and economic status, ethnic minorities are much more likely than whites to be in the uninsured category, and so suffer more medical complications and illnesses.

36
Q

uninsured health care % for blacks?

A

20%

37
Q

Uninsured hispanics for health care?

A

34%

38
Q

uninsured asians for health care?

A

16%

39
Q

Uninsured whites for health care?

A

10%

40
Q

Which minorities suffer more from poor health?

A

Blacks, hispanics and native americans suffer far worse levels of health than whites.

41
Q

What is medicare?

A

Elderly americans over the age of 65 who have worked and paid tax can apply to be on the medicare system. This will help pay for doctors and hospital bills as well and many prescription drugs. This system is funded by the federal government.

42
Q

Whats medicaid?

A

This is funded partly by the federal government and partly by the states, acting as a type of government funded health insurance policy for poor families. It is means tested, however, and so not all of those living in poverty will qualify. Some of those who do qualify will be those living in poverty with children or those living with disabilities.

43
Q

What is obama care?

A

The patient protection and affordable care act also known as obama care due to the presidents personal interests and proposal of the idea. This was the largest overhaul of the US healthcare system since the 1960s. It was aimed to extend health insurance coverage to some of the estimated 15% of the US populations who lack it. Those people received no coverage from their employers and were not covered by US health programmes for the poor and the elderly.

44
Q

What did obamacare consist of?

A

The law required every american to have health insurance, but offered subsisides to make coverage more affordable and aimed to reduce the cost of insurance by bringing younger, healthier people into the health insurance system.

45
Q

What did the republicans say about obama care?

A

That the law imposes too many coasts on businesses, with may describing it as a ‘job killer’. Trump is trying to make his own replacement, known as trumpcare.

46
Q

% of whites who own a home?

A

74%

47
Q

% of asians that own a home?

A

59%

48
Q

% of hispanics that own a home?

A

48%

49
Q

% of african americans that own a home?

A

47%

50
Q

What did the recession do to home ownership?

A

The recession in 2008 led to many people losing their home, as wee as banks becoming more stringent as to who could qualify for a mortgage. These factors affected blacks and hispanics more than other racial groups and in turn helpes to increase the inequality gap

51
Q

Government responses to housing?

A

Housing and economic recovery act- The government made $300 billion available to give to home owners who were hit badly during the recession. and were in danger of losing their home. It also helped first time buyers get a mortgage if they did not have their own financial capabilities to do so.

higher mods lm (6 decks)

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