Socio - Cultural Influences

Question 1

What is the positive of performers earning lots of money

Answer 1

More money to pay higher wages - the short performance lifespan can be catered for by earning more during career;
There is more money available to pay for new & technologically advanced kit, equipment and facilities

Question 2

Positives of media on performers

Answer 2

Being in the media spotlight can turn performers into heroes and role models - this can increase participation and the chance of future stars being found;
And increase exposure of sport

Question 3

Negatives of media coverage on performers

Answer 3

increase the pressure to perform, reducing performer’s enjoyment;
Mistakes can become very public

Question 4

Positives of media coverage for spectators

Answer 4

Events are scheduled so that people can watch them on TV or the internet, making it easier to support your sport or team;

Question 5

Positives of increase competitions for spectators

Answer 5

More competitions give more spectators more opportunities to watch their sport and/or team live;

Question 6

Positives of good facilities for spectators

Answer 6

make viewing live sport more comfortable for the spectator;

Question 7

Negatives of sponsorship on the sponsors

Answer 7

If a sponsor links their name or brand to a sport, team or performer that is hit by a scandal, it can have a damaging effect on the sponsor’s reputation

Question 8

Positives of media spotlight for officials

Answer 8

can turn officials into heroes and role models;

Question 9

Negatives of media spotlight for officials

Answer 9

Strong media presence can increase the pressure to make the right decision and thus reduce officals’ enjoyment;

Question 10

What are three types of technology in sport

Answer 10

Hawkeye
Performance analysis aids
Television match officials

Question 11

What is Hawkeye technology

Answer 11

Computer system that uses several cameras to track flight and trajectory of balls and other things. Used in tennis to help with decisions such as line calls and football with goal line technology

Question 12

What is performance analysis aid technology

Answer 12

Includes wearable technology, that monitors fitness or records a performer’s movements on-pitch. Also includes software programmes, such as Dartfish and Kandle, Coaches Eye etc, that use cameras to capture movement.

Question 13

What is television match officials technology

Answer 13

Examples are VAR

Used in football to check and review on-field decisions by officials, correcting “clear and obvious errors” accordingly.

Question 14

Positives of performers analysis on performers

Answer 14

fitness wearables monitor vital health and fitness elements Fitness tracking

Coaching aids - video analysis of technique

Question 15

Positives of decision review technology for performers

Answer 15

Performers may be able to use technology to ask officials to review decisions that go against them. Such as challenges in tennis

Question 16

Negatives of technology on performers

Answer 16

Best technology is expensive

Question 17

Positives of technology on spectators

Answer 17

Engages them in how the decisions are reached

Review process can also build up tension and excitement

Question 18

Negatives of technology for spectators

Answer 18

Missed reviews can cause unrest or poor spectator behaviour, whether it is because a decision is not-reviewed or does not fully clarify a decision.

Question 19

Positives of technology on officials

Answer 19

Provides them with support on there decision

Question 20

Negatives of technology on officials

Answer 20

Some officials may be too reliant on the technology, and therefore make fewer “big calls” on-field themselves

Question 21

Positives of technology in sport

Answer 21

The use of technology can make competition fairer because poor decisions can be changed or reconsidered.

Question 22

Negatives of technology in sport

Answer 22

Too many reviews, or lengthy stoppages for checks to be carried out, disrupt the flow of play, slowing it down.

Question 23

Positives and negatives of stimulants

Answer 23

increasing mental and physical alertness whilst reducing fatigue.

Increased risk of: • headaches • high blood pressure • stroke • irregular heartbeat • anxiety & tremors

Question 24

Positives and negatives of anabolic agents

Answer 24

They produce muscle and bone growth, whilst reducing recovery time so performers can train harder and more often.

Increased risk of: • disease, including liver cancer & organ damage • infertility • injury, especially tendon damage • hair loss • acne • high blood pressure, heart attack & heart disease

Question 25

Positives and negatives of beta blockers

Answer 25

reduce heart rate, muscle tension & blood pressure

Nausea 👎 Tiredness & weakness 👎 Increased risk of heart problems

Question 26

What is blood doping

Answer 26

Involves removing a performer’s blood a few weeks before competition, freezing it, and then reinjecting it - usually via blood transfusions - just before competition.

Question 27

Positives and negatives of blood doping

Answer 27

This increases the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream, improving oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. It means a performer can perform longer before fatigue sets in and recovery is quicker.

Increased risk of: • heart attack • infection (unsterile transfusions) • embolism, causing a blood vessel to block • stroke

Question 28

Define hooligansim

Answer 28

The disorderly aggressive and often violent behaviour by spectators at sporting events

Question 29

What are some strategies to combat hooliganism

Answer 29

Early kick offs- less alcohol consumption
Segregation of fans
Improved security

Question 30

What are reasons to hoolignasim

Answer 30

Rivalries - show pride to their club
Frustration at games
Media hype

Question 31

How does age play a role In participation in sports

Answer 31

Muscle ability
Older have other responsibilities
Younger have more support from family

Question 32

How do friends/family effect participation

Answer 32

Someone may not participate because their friends are vica versa
Young people likely to copy their parents or older sibling

Question 33

How do role models help participation

Answer 33

Get people to aspire to be like them

Question 34

How does sexism affect participation

Answer 34

Stereotypes for sports

Low pay for women sport may prevent participation

Question 35

How does culture and religion affect participation

Answer 35

Often Middle Eastern families or Asian encourage racket sports