society and culture revison

Question 1

how has Hip hop changed from local to global

Answer 1

1. Hip-hop has developed from its origin in the Bronx to a global phenomenon
2. This has been mainly due to the development of new technologies and global media industries

For example, in 1981 cable channel MTV revolutionised the music industry as it was the first TV program dedicated to popular music videos

Question 2

Listening habits and the rise of computer technology

Answer 2

• During the 80s music changed from records and cassette tapes to CDs.
• How music was recorded also changed as computer technology advanced and digital technology became widely accessible to independent artists, producers and consumers

Question 3

The rise of the record company

Answer 3

• The emergence of large media transnational corporations (TNCs) in the 1970s and 1980s such as Sony and Warner enabled the distribution and promotion of music globally

Question 4

The Internet

Answer 4

The internet was and is a means through which hip hop could be distributed but it also fostered the establishment of a global hip hop community.

Question 5

A global phenomenon

Answer 5

• Hip-hop can be accessed in almost every country around the world.
• It’s not just the music that has spread through, clothes, language, dance, graffiti
• transcended cultural and language barriers across the world

Question 6

How globalisation and technologies have changed consumption

Answer 6

1. Social media has enabled consumers to interact with hip-hop in a more personalised way.

2.Fans have a connection or relationship with their fans/music groups as a result of being able to follow them on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram

3. The globalisation of hip-hop has resulted in many localised adaptations of the culture

4.The Walt Disney Corporation owns cable television networks, domestic TV stations, radio networks, publishing companies and various digital operations worldwide.

Question 7

ENVIRONMENT

Answer 7

• wifi can’t limit access
• concerts only going to major cities, and limitations of pop culture paraphernalia.
• Festivals in rural areas are being cancelled which limits people living rurally’s access to hip hop, Groovin’ the Moo 2024 was cancelled

Question 8

Wealth

Answer 8

people can or can’t pay for concerts, festivals, merch etc.

Question 9

Portability

Answer 9

pop cultures have become portable and cheaper, e.g. AirPods to listen to rap music

Question 10

AGE

Answer 10

Teenagers and adults have access to hip hop whereas young children don’t have as much access due to parental censorship.

Teenagers and young adults consume it most as generally they can relate to many of the messages associated with it

Question 11

class

Answer 11

The middle and upper classes have the most access to hip hop and ironically lower classes have less access even though that was hip hop’s origin. Lower classes can’t buy concert tickets, merch etc.

Question 12

Ethnicity:

Answer 12

• People of many ethnicities can identify with hip-hop and adapt it to their particular situations.
• however ethnicity can limit indivuals understanding of lyrics because of language and cultural barriers.

Question 13

gender:

Answer 13

Males are depicted as powerful, wealthy, materialistic and in control.

Females often choose not to consume hip hop because of the way women are presented in both the lyrics and music videos; e.g dressed provocatively and are often referred to by derogatory expressions such as ‘hoe’s and ‘bitches’

Question 14

Location:

Answer 14

People located in areas can access technologies such as affluent areas and cities, people who lack access are geographically isolated and ‘ghettos’. People from disadvantaged areas were the creators of hip hop - to them it is their life. They do not need to consume it as a commercialised

Question 15

Sexuality:

Answer 15

• Hip hop is portrayed as being highly masculine and sexist.

-Some references discriminate against homosexuals. As such, hip-hop has indirectly aimed its demographic at heterosexuals.

Question 16

The commodification of hip-hop

Answer 16

1. Hip hop has been transformed through a successful commodification process to create it into a billion-dollar industry
2. Commodification involves the making of an activity or social relationship into something that can be sold
3. Early rap focused on the lives of young people living in the Bronx and how they were let down by institutions such as the legal system, government and schools due to racial stereotyping and prejudice.
4. The commodification process has been helped by technological advancements in media and the production of goods for example In 1989 MTV decided to feature rap artists so from this point, music videos became an essential part of hip-hop culture

Question 17

the ownership of the popular culture and the tensions between consumers and producers

Answer 17

The producers of hip-hop are the artists, musicians, rappers, dancers, record labels, media corporations and business corporations involved in the selling and distribution of paraphernalia

tensions between producers and consumers of hip-hop as corporation’s profit motives can take away from the authenticity of hip-hop

They have capitalised on the middle-class, white audience and ensured that the myths surrounding life in the ghetto are idealised in rap music, giving consumers a glamorised version of reality.

Question 18

Stakeholders and how they influence hip hop

Answer 18

A stakeholder is an individual, institution or organisation that can influence or is influenced by hip-hop.
Families, peer groups, fans, media, marketers, governments and global groups are all examples of stakeholders

Families and peer groups can affect consumer choice.
Your decision to buy a particular product is often heavily influenced by the socialisation of the songwriter. For example, if a particular artist is very popular and everyone around you is listening to them then you are more likely to listen to them as well.

for example, People have stopped listening to Kanye West due to his antisemitic comments and other controversial comments which have negatively impacted the consumption of his products.