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Jan Exams 24' > Socials > Flashcards

Socials Flashcards

1
Q

Criteria of historical significance

A

Depth - how deeply was it felt
Duration - how long did it last - is it still relevant today
Scope - how many people did it impact

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2
Q

Progress

A

Positive change

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3
Q

Continuity

A

little to no change

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4
Q

Decline

A

Negative change

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5
Q

Turning point

A

sudden change - spark

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6
Q

Long term/underlying causes

A

something that made an impact on something happening, may go back many years

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7
Q

Short-term causes

A

something that impacted something very close in time to the event

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8
Q

Trigger cause

A

The spark

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9
Q

PERSIAT

A

Political
Economical
Religious
Intelectual
Artistic
Technological

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10
Q

What are revolutions

A

several people/groups that come together to make a change in the world
Unsatisfied people causing an uprising against power
ALWAYS a change

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11
Q

Why do revolutions happen

A

Unjustice or oppression of people
Economic problems and suffering

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12
Q

What did Britain posses that made it the perfect starting point

A

Labour supply - urbanizaton
Raw materials - iron and coal
Capital - money
Pro-buisness government - laissez faire
Technological advancements

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13
Q

Before the agricultural revolution

A

subsistence farmers
75% of europeans lived in the countryside
Strip farming

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14
Q

After the agricultural reolution

A

Modern tech advancements
New breeds of animals
Farmers began to specialize in crops

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15
Q

Commons

A

Key to survival
- used for grazing sheep and cattle
- collection of wood
- fish from pond

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16
Q

Enclosure Acts

A

Allowed the government to fence up and sell the commons to the highest bidder

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17
Q

Cons of the enclosure acts

A

small farmers could not survive
sold the land at bargain prices to gentleman farmers
They then moved to rural communities

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17
Q

Changes in farming

A

the speed drill - jethro tull 1701- plants in straight lines
crop rotation - charles turnip townstead - grow for 2 years leave to fallow - grasses and turnips
robert

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18
Q

Problems with the pro-buisness government

A

child labour
no quality control
bad working conditions

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19
Q

Textile industry - new tech

A

flying shuttle - 1733 John kay - increased weaving speed
Spinning jenny - 1764 James hargreaves - improved the spinning wheel
Water frame - 1771 sir richard arkwright - water frame for spinning thread

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20
Q

Steam engine

A

Tomas newcomen invented in 1712
James Watt then improved it and made it more versatile

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21
Q

Cottage industry

A

products would be made through piece work
working at home with their own equiptment
Not as fast, cheap or as consistent as factories

22
Q

Concequences of the textile industry

A

Industrial accidents
Lung diseases
Deafness

22
Q

Concequences of the coal mines

A

Cave-ins
Explosions
Burns and blisters - lime
Lead poisoning
Black lung

23
Q

Wages and pay

A

12-16 hour days/ 6 days a week
Poor pay

24
Q

Living conditions

A

Whole families in tenements
fast spread of diseases
no development,sanitary codes

25
Q

Social reformers

A

government, churches and reformers began collected primary evidence to address issues

25
Q

Slum

A

overcrowded district inhabited by poor people

25
Q

Social reform

A

social movement in hopes of chages society

26
Q

Abolition

A

the official act of ending slavery
britain passed the slve trade act in 1807

26
Q

Factory acts

A

1802 - children were unable to work more than 12 hours in cotton mills
1819 - illegal to hire children over 9 to work in the texile industry
1824 - workers associations made leagal

27
Q

Pauper apprentices

A

Children taken from orphanges to work - made them sign contracts to work until they were 21

27
Q

Why were children the ideal workers

A

less likely to rebel
small and could fit into small places
paid the least
could be physically punished

27
Q

Workhouses

A

work in return for food and shelter

28
Q

Layers of the earth

A

Crust - outermost layer of rock plate - 5-35km
Mantle - Magma
Core - hot dense ball of mostly iron

29
Q

Formation of mountains

A

Volcanic - Through the cracks in the crust, molten rock can surge up and create mountains
Fold - Motions of the techtonic plates puch together and form mountains

30
Q

Political Map

A

Divisions made by the government
- province borders
- Cities, seas and landmasses

31
Q

Glaciation and erosion

A

The ice age caused north america to be covered in glaciers. The glaciers scraped the land and left barren rock. The water then drained in the ocean, but if some was bolcked it created irregular patterns

32
Q

Topographical map

A

Shows the shape of the land
- bodies of water
- some important citi|es
- heightof the land

33
Q

Weather

A

Combination of humidity, temperature, visibility, wind and atmospheric pressure

34
Q

Climate

A

statistics, year to year variations and season cycles used to predict the future weather
Extreme weather events cause slight change in the predictions

35
Q

Climate graphs

A

Climate in red line graph - Celcius on the left
Rainfall in blue bar graph
- mm on the right

35
Q

Prime Meridian

A

Lines of longitude
North to south
Vertical lines

36
Q

Equator

A

Lines of latitude
Parallels east to west
Horizontal lines
- 111 km distace between degrees

37
Q

Location

A

Relative - using comaprison to determine a location - landmarks
Absolute - using longitude and latitude lines - precise/exact

38
Q

Place

A

Physical characteristics - rivers, nature, forests
Human characteristics - culture, language, structure

39
Q

Regions

A

Way to categorize and separate land

40
Q

Human - environment interaction

A

Humans modify and change the land
Humans adapt to the land
Humans depend on the land to survive

40
Q

Resources

A

Renewable - can be replaced through natural processes - solar energy, crops, water and forests
Non-renewable - will run out, fixed/limited amount - metals, coal, fossil fuel, gas

40
Q

Sustainability - Unsustainable

A

Sustainability - using resources in way that conserves for the future
Unustainable - Using them in a way that will cause them to run out

41
Q

Movement

A

Why do things move?
Climate
Land
Ease of movement
Resources
- ocean for trade and fish
What moves?
Languages
Culture
Ideas
Technology
Religion
Fashion
Media

42
Q

Essentials to people

A

Easy movement
Good climate
Good resources

42
Q

Canadian Shield

A

More than 2 billion years old
Boreal forests
Climate varies - the farther nother, the colder winters
Chaotic water patterns due to glacitaion
- Left barren rock after scraping the soil off
Foundation of canada
Levelled volcanic mountains due to erosion

Jan Exams 24' (2 decks)

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