Socialism In Conservatism

Question 1

Collectivism

Answer 1

Group priority over individual

Question 2

Spontaneous revolution

Answer 2

Tendency that believes the social revolution can and should occur spontaneously from below by the working class itself

Question 3

Planned economy

Answer 3

Economy subject to government control and regulation

Question 4

Social class

Answer 4

Divisions in society based on economic and social status

Question 5

Workers control/nationalisation

Answer 5

Government taking control of a business or industry

Question 6

Co-operation

Answer 6

Working or acting together for a common purpose or benefit

Question 7

Permeation

Answer 7

Public control in industry and collective responsibility e.g. children education

Question 8

Competition state

Answer 8

Welfare state remains in place but is gradually trimmed to make society fit for competition. Promotes privatising public sectors and international competitiveness

Question 9

Superstructure

Answer 9

Society’s other relationships and ideas not directly relating to production

Question 10

Welfare state

Answer 10

Plays a key role in the economic and social well-being of its citizens

Question 11

Who made a speech arguing priorities of what new type of Government?

When did this occur?

What did he say the 3 priorities of the Government would be?

Answer 11

Tony Blair made a speech for his new Third Way Government in 1997.

3 priorities were ‘education, education, education’

Question 12

What did Blair say about the state in an interview?

When did this occur?

Answer 12

In 1994, state should be ‘tough on crime, tough on the causes of crime’

Question 13

In the Soviet Union what plans were introduced to the Soviet economy and who introduced it?

Who introduced the 13th of that specific plan and in what year?

Answer 13

. Five year plans were introduced by Stalin

. 13th plan was introduced by Gorbachev in 1991

Question 14

What year did Labour build its welfare state and what was Labour classed as?

What industries were nationalised and what was introduced?

They wanted the state to care for its citizens ‘. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .’

Answer 14

The 1945 Labour government (social democrats) built the British welfare state.

They introduced council housing, the NHS and nationalised key industries such as the railways and cars.

They wanted the state to care for its citizens ‘from cradle to grave’

Question 15

What phrase did Marx say regarding that human should not be self interested?

Answer 15

‘From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs’

Question 16

What two parties were democratic socialists?

What type of economy did they want to achieve?

What are these democratic socialists an example in order to achieve ____ through ____?

Answer 16

The Labour Party and the Social Democratic Party of Germany were both democratic socialists and were established to democratically achieve a planned economy.

They are example of human beings working together to achieve change (eg. through trade unions) – collectivism.

Question 17

Who argued democratic socialism would fail and why?

Answer 17

Rosa Luxemburg (Revolutionary Socialist) argued that democratic socialism would fail, because gradually changes that turned capitalism into socialism would reduce the willingness of the proletariat to rise up against the capitalist system and destroy it

Question 18

Who argued against making society more equal in terms of equality of outcome and why?

Answer 18

Anthony Giddens (Third Way) argued against making society more equal in terms of equality of outcome. He believed that the state should not engage in social engineering, but should focus on providing investing in infrastructure and education. He therefore argued strongly for equality of opportunity over equality of outcome

Question 19

Who argued equality of opportunity is not enough and why?

Answer 19

Anthony Crossland (Social Democrat) argued that equality of opportunity is not enough. He believed that socialism should push for some significant equality of outcome, because the alternative was immoral (as many talents in life are decided by environmental factors). He called this believe in equality of outcome ‘democratic equality’

Question 20

Who disagreed strongly with the Marxist conception of the capitalist state?

Answer 20

Beatrice Webb (Democratic Socialist) disagreed strongly with the Marxist conception of the capitalist state. She argued that the state had ‘silently changed its character… from police power to housekeeping on a national scale’. This highlights democratic socialists’ belief in the ‘neutral state’

Question 21

To what extent do socialists agree on the means of achieving ….

Answer 21

Socialism?

Question 22

To what extent do socialists support ….

Answer 22

Capitalism?

Question 23

To what extent is socialism defined by its commitment to ….

Answer 23

Collectivism?

Question 24

To what extent do socialists agree on the (4 main ideas) ….

Answer 24

State/society/economy/human nature?

Question 25

To what extent do socialists agree on (5 sub topics with 2 being key words) ….

Answer 25

Collectivism/common humanity/equality/social class/workers’ control?