Socialism

Question 1

What did Marx and Engels think about human nature?

Answer 1

Capitalism had corrupted human nature and so a new system was needed

Question 2

What did Rosa Luxemburg think about human nature?

Answer 2

Human nature not completely corrupted by capitalism as altruism existed in working class communities

Question 3

What did Beatrice Webb think about human nature?

Answer 3

Capitalism corrupted human nature and encouraged selfishlness

Question 4

What did Anthony Crosland think about human nature?

Answer 4

Human nature had a sense of fairness and naturally rejected inequality of outcome

Question 5

What did Anthony Giddens think about human nature?

Answer 5

People are becoming more individually ambitious but they still want a fair society

Question 6

What did Marx and Engels think about the state?

Answer 6

Will always serve interests of ruling class - revolution needed to overthrow

Remove voting and patriotism

Question 7

What did Rosa Luxemburg think about the state?

Answer 7

After revolution a new democracy should be created

Socialism cannot be achieved through legislation and the state favours the ruling classs

Question 8

What did Beatrice Webb think about the state?

Answer 8

Extensive state intervention needed as relying on good will alone isn’t feasible

Welfare state and trade unions

Question 9

What did Anthony Crosland think about the state?

Answer 9

Socialist governments should focus on public spending and services

Provide education to create equal opportunity

Question 10

What did Anthony Giddens think about the state?

Answer 10

Globalisation has reduced government’s control over economy - has to focus on making a competitive workforce and building infrastructure

Question 11

What did Marx and Engels think about society?

Answer 11

Capitalism creates classes (bourgeoisie and proletariat) that perpetuate inequality

Revolution inevitable as proletariat grows

Question 12

What did Rosa Luxemburg think about society?

Answer 12

Revolution needed to be global

Capitalist society is wrong

Question 13

What did Beatrice Webb think about society?

Answer 13

Society would reform gradually

Question 14

What did Anthony Crosland think about society?

Answer 14

New social classes introduced in mixed economy - ‘managers’ and ‘technocrats’ - Workers have mor epower

Question 15

What did Anthony Giddens think about society?

Answer 15

‘Post-Fordist society’ (less heavy industry) mean people are more likely to be influenced by ruling class

Need social cohesion for capitalism to work best

Question 16

What did Marx and Engels think about the economy?

Answer 16

capitalism must be overthrown and will be once the proletariat becomes large enough

Question 17

What did Rosa Luxemburg think about the economy?

Answer 17

Agreed with Marx that capitalism must be overthrown BUT disagreed that capitalism had to reach a certain ctage before this can happen

Question 18

What did Beatrice Webbthink about the economy?

Answer 18

Large government intervention needed

Question 19

What did Crosland think about the economy?

Answer 19

Keynesian economics - managed capitalism means equality, growth, and more employment

Question 20

What did Anthony Giddens think about the economy?

Answer 20

Keynesian economics was obsolete and capitalism was increasingly free-market