Socialism

Question 1

Socialism

Answer 1

The opposite to capitalism; a political and economic theory of social organisation, advocates means of production, distribution and exchange should be managed or regulated by the community as a whole.

Question 2

Revolutionary Socialism

Answer 2

AKA Marxism, argues that a revolution is inevitable as capitalism and socialism cannot co-exist. adopted by Stalin, Lenin, Mao etc. favors equality of outcome and absolute equality.

Question 3

Evolutionary Socialism

Answer 3

Refers to social evolution being necessary to achieving a well functioning society. Involves gradual change within what already exists rather than radical ideas and creation of new social structures.

Question 4

Social Democracy

Answer 4

wanted change via the ballot box, achieve their changes through the already existing constitution. fvours absolute equality and equality of outcome.

Question 5

Third Way

Answer 5

compromise between right wing economic reforms and accepts them. Blair was also like this. favours equlity of oppurtunity and welfare

Question 6

Human Nature

Answer 6

people possess a common humanity, naturally rational and capable of cooperation and sociability. Not fixed, determined upon society in both negative and positive ways.

Question 7

Collectivism

Answer 7

Prioritizes the group over the individual, people naturally prefer to work together.

Question 8

Common Humanity

Answer 8

Cooperation rewards people on a deeper moral level. People who work hard also benefit society as well as themselves by creating welfare.

Question 9

Equality

Answer 9

Socialists and liberals agree upon foundational equality, equality of opportunity and rejection of natural hierarchies.

Question 10

Social class

Answer 10

Capitalism creates harmful class division, splits people based on wealth/capital and prevents people from working together, creates societal hierarchy.

Question 11

Worker’s control

Answer 11

Capitalists exploit the worker in an unregulated free market. Marx, Engels and Luxembourg advocated for worker’s control where the average worker manages the workplace through committees or councils.

Question 12

Common Ownership

Answer 12

Both state and public have ownership of property and economy.

Question 13

Fraternity

Answer 13

‘Brotherhood’ of nations; sharing the same beliefs and views

Question 14

Mixed Economy

Answer 14

having laissez-faire policies with regulations or a free market mixed with Keynesian economics. Mix of privatised and nationalised industry.

Question 15

Equality of Welfare

Answer 15

society is inevitably unequal, anyone should be entitled to an equal living standard enabled by state welfare.