socialisation, culture, identity, subcultures, gender, ethnicity, age, and class Flashcards
What is socialisation?
The process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of their culture.
True or False: Socialisation only occurs during childhood.
False
What are the primary agents of socialisation?
Family, schools, peers, media, and religious institutions.
Fill in the blank: Culture consists of shared __________, beliefs, and practices.
values
What is the difference between material and non-material culture?
Material culture refers to physical objects and artifacts, while non-material culture includes beliefs, values, and norms.
Define identity in the context of socialisation.
Identity is the way individuals perceive themselves and are recognized by others, shaped by social interactions and cultural influences.
What is a subculture?
A group within a larger culture that has its own distinct values, norms, and practices.
True or False: Subcultures always oppose the dominant culture.
False
What role does gender play in socialisation?
Gender influences the expectations, roles, and behaviors that individuals learn and adopt in society.
What is the concept of ethnicity?
Ethnicity refers to shared cultural traits, such as language, religion, and customs, among a group of people.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of social class? A) Income B) Occupation C) Hair color D) Education
C) Hair color
Fill in the blank: Age is often a key factor in shaping one’s __________ and social roles.
identity
What is the significance of cultural identity?
Cultural identity helps individuals understand their place in society and connects them to their heritage.
True or False: Socialisation is a lifelong process.
True
What are norms?
Norms are the unwritten rules and expectations for behavior within a society or group.
Define the term ‘gender roles’.
Gender roles are the expectations and behaviors that society deems appropriate for individuals based on their gender.
What is cultural assimilation?
Cultural assimilation is the process by which individuals or groups adopt the cultural traits of another group.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is an example of a subculture? A) A religious group B) A political party C) A youth gang D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of learning and adopting the behaviors and norms of a culture.
Socialisation
What is the impact of media on socialisation?
Media influences perceptions, values, and behaviors by portraying social norms and cultural ideals.
True or False: Ethnic identity can change over time.
True
What is the term for the social categories based on shared characteristics?
Social stratification
Define the term ‘cultural relativism’.
Cultural relativism is the practice of understanding a culture on its own terms without judgment.
What does the term ‘intersectionality’ refer to?
Intersectionality refers to how various social identities (such as race, gender, and class) intersect and affect individuals’ experiences.
Multiple choice: Which factor does NOT influence socialisation? A) Geography B) Personal choice C) Family D) Historical context
B) Personal choice
Fill in the blank: __________ refers to the shared history and collective experiences of an ethnic group.
Ethnic identity
What is a dominant culture?
A dominant culture is the mainstream culture that holds the most power and influence in a society.
True or False: All cultures have the same values and norms.
False
What is the role of education in socialisation?
Education provides formal instruction and social norms, shaping individuals’ values and behavior.
Define ‘cultural diversity’.
Cultural diversity refers to the variety of cultural groups and differences within a society.
What is the significance of peer groups in socialisation?
Peer groups provide a context for individuals to learn social skills and experiment with identities.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a form of socialisation? A) Family upbringing B) School education C) Media influence D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which people learn the values and norms of their society.
Socialisation
What is the relationship between culture and identity?
Culture shapes identity by providing the frameworks of values and beliefs that individuals identify with.
True or False: Identity is static and does not change over time.
False
What are cultural norms?
Cultural norms are the expected behaviors and rules that guide how individuals interact within a culture.
Define the term ‘gender identity’.
Gender identity is an individual’s personal sense of their gender, which may or may not correspond with their biological sex.
What is the impact of globalization on cultural identity?
Globalization can lead to cultural homogenization, but it can also promote cultural exchange and diversity.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of a subculture? A) Shared values B) Distinctive practices C) Opposition to the dominant culture D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Fill in the blank: __________ refers to the social roles and expectations associated with being male or female.
Gender roles
What is the significance of age in socialisation?
Age influences the roles, expectations, and experiences individuals encounter throughout their life.
True or False: Social class can affect access to resources and opportunities.
True
What is the term for the social process that encourages conformity to cultural norms?
Social control
Define ‘cultural transmission’.
Cultural transmission is the process through which cultural values and norms are passed from one generation to the next.
What is the role of family in socialisation?
Family is often the first agent of socialisation, influencing values, beliefs, and behaviors from an early age.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT an agent of socialisation? A) Family B) School C) Economy D) Religion
C) Economy
Fill in the blank: __________ is the practice of interpreting and understanding cultural differences without bias.
Cultural relativism
What is the impact of technology on socialisation?
Technology alters communication, shapes social interactions, and influences cultural norms and values.
True or False: Socialisation only occurs in formal settings.
False
What is the concept of social identity?
Social identity is how individuals define themselves in relation to groups they are a part of, such as race, ethnicity, and gender.
Define the term ‘cultural shock’.
Cultural shock is the feeling of disorientation experienced when encountering an unfamiliar culture.
What role does religion play in socialisation?
Religion provides moral guidance, community, and a framework for understanding the world and one’s place in it.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is an example of material culture? A) A piece of art B) A tradition C) A belief D) A language
A) A piece of art
Fill in the blank: __________ refers to the relationships between different social groups and their cultural practices.
Cultural interaction
What is the significance of cultural symbols?
Cultural symbols convey meaning and represent shared values and beliefs within a culture.
True or False: All subcultures are marginalized.
False
What does the term ‘cultural appropriation’ refer to?
Cultural appropriation is the adoption of elements of one culture by members of another culture, often without permission.
Define ‘social mobility’.
Social mobility is the ability of individuals or groups to move within a social hierarchy.
What is the role of social institutions in socialisation?
Social institutions, such as family, education, and religion, provide the structure and norms through which socialisation occurs.
Multiple choice: Which of the following can affect an individual’s social identity? A) Gender B) Race C) Class D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Fill in the blank: __________ refers to the shared practices and beliefs of a particular social group.
Culture
What is the significance of cultural norms in society?
Cultural norms guide behavior, promote social order, and establish expectations for individuals.
True or False: Identity is solely determined by personal choices.
False
What is the concept of ‘role conflict’?
Role conflict occurs when an individual faces competing demands from different roles they occupy.
Define the term ‘cultural integration’.
Cultural integration is the process of combining different cultural groups into a unified society.
What is the impact of socialisation on behavior?
Socialisation shapes behavior by instilling societal norms and expectations that individuals learn to follow.
