socialisation

Question 1

primary socialisation

Answer 1

takes place in the early years of life and occurs largely within family, where we learn language and basic skills .

Question 2

secondary socialisation

Answer 2

takes place later, at school and wider society

Question 3

subculture

Answer 3

a group within a larger culture that differentiates itself through distinct values and beliefs.

Question 4

status

Answer 4

a position in society

Question 5

ascribed

Answer 5

social status assigned at birth

Question 6

functionalists belief

Answer 6

society is held together by a shared culture into which all its members are socialised

Question 7

structural view

Answer 7

sees us as entirely shaped by the structure of society (the way society is organised or set up.)

Question 8

social action view

Answer 8

sees us as having free will and choice.

Question 9

marxist belief

Answer 9

They see
society as based on class conflict, not consensus.

Question 10

The minority capitalist class, or bourgeoisie

Answer 10

own the means of production such as the factories, raw materials and land.

Question 11

The majority working class, or proletariat

Answer 11

own nothing but their own labour, which they have to sell to the bourgeoisie in order to survive.

Question 12

Postmodernists

Answer 12

believe that society is diverse, fragmented, and constantly changing, rejecting universal truths or grand narratives about how it works, and instead focusing on how individuals construct their own meanings and realities.

Question 13

POSTMODERNISTS A03

Answer 13

postmodernists exaggerate how far things have really changed. In particular, postmodernists ignore the continuing importance of social inequality and the ways this limits people’s choices and shapes their lives. And they ignore class , gender age inequalities

Question 14

karl marx (1818-1883)

Answer 14

believed would eventually lead to the working class overthrowing capitalism and creating a classless, equal society.

Question 15

ethnicity

Answer 15

refers to shared culture and identity.

Question 16

social surveys

Answer 16

which involve asking a sample of people a series of questions in an interview or a written questionnaire

Question 17

participant observation

Answer 17

where the sociologist joins in with the group they are studying in order to gain deeper insight into their lives

Question 18

official statistics

Answer 18

compiled by the government (for example on educational achievement, family size, unemployment and crime rates).

Question 19

Culture

Answer 19

includes all those things learned and shared by a group, including knowledge, beliefs, norms and values.

Question 20

values

Answer 20

general principles

Question 21

norms

Answer 21

specific rules of behaviour

Question 22

socialisation

Answer 22

process of learning one’s culture

Question 23

role

Answer 23

the set of norms that govern how a person in a particular status should act.

Question 24

value consensus

Answer 24

shared agreement among members of society on what is important, which helps maintain social order and stability.

Question 25

class conflict

Answer 25

refers to the struggle between different social classes, typically the wealthy and the working class, over resources, power, and opportunities.

Question 26

feminists

Answer 26

sees society as patriarchal or male dominated