Socialims Key Thinkers

Question 1

Marx (1818-83) and Engels (1820-95)

Answer 1

The centrality of social class
Historic materialism, dialectic change and revolutionary class consciousness

Human nature is socially determined and true common humanity can be expressed only under communism

Question 2

Webb (1858-1943)

Answer 2

Expansion of the state- this is critical in overthrowing the state and delivering socialism

Question 3

Luxembourg (1871-1919)

Answer 3

Evolutionary socialism and revisionism is not possible as capitalism is based on the economic relationships of exploitation

Class consciousness is necessary for the overthrow of the capitalist society and state

Question 4

Crosland (1918-77)

Answer 4

Managed capitalism can deliver social justice and equality

State-managed capitalism- includes the mixed economy, full employment and universal social benefits

Question 5

Giddens (1938- )

Answer 5

Rejection of state intervention- acceptance of free market economy, equality of opportunity, responsibility and community over class conflict

Role of the state- social investment in infrastructure and education